3.2.1.6 General Fireground Operations + Single Family Residence Flashcards
What are the four tactical foreground priorities?
Fire control
Ventilation
Search
Property Consveration
What is the best method to accomplishing a rescue?
Attacking the fire prior to a search.
What are the factors that are the highest priority at any given time referred to?
Critical Factors
What is the success of the command process dependent on?
Skill of the IC in choosing which foreground factors to base their decision on at any given time.
What usually form the basis for the IAP?
Conclusions drawn from what you see while circling the incident on size up.
Creating an IAP but refusing to modify the IAP even though fireground conditions have changed is a common what?
Failing for a fire ground commander
What are the three basic sources for fire ground factors?
Visual information
Reconnaissance information
Pre-plan and direct knowledge information
Where does command receive reconnaissance information from?
Fire personnel operating on the fireground.
A quick assessment of the fire building accomplished while walking around the structure and noting all significant factors such as visible fire, smoke, ventilation points, access points, victims, hazards, etc, is referred to as what?
Reconnaissance
The critical factor activity that requires locating, containing, control, and extinguishing the fire is what?
Fire Control
The critical factor that requires removing the products of combustion.
Ventilation
The critical factor that requires finding, protecting, removing and/or treating the occupants while introducing clean fresh air into the air is what?
Search
The critical factor required to stop or reduce additional loss to property is what?
Property Conservation
What is a priority even when possible victims are in the structure?
Fire control
Involves the deployment and operation of hose lines inside a structure that is deemed tenable.
Offensive attack
What is the objective of an offensive attack?
Save lives and property.
The orderly withdrawal of all personnel and equipment from the fire building.
Tactical withdrawl
Crews are ordered out without delay due to imminent danger, and leave their equipment and lines behind if necessary.
Emergency evacuation
How is the order for an emergency evacuation given?
“Emergency evacuation, emergency evacuation” over the radio followed by 30 seconds of air horn blasts in multiples of three.
Upon evacuation of a building what will company officers advise command of?
Evacuation complete and PAR complete.
If offensive operations are not making significant progress within several minutes, what must be given consideration?
The possibility of collapse.
In some cases the most effective tactical analysis involves an evaluation of what?
What is not burning.
Who should conduct the recon and when?
The first arriving company officer prior to making entry.
Operations which begin before knowing the location of the fire are at a distinct _______.
Disadvantage
When using the TIC what is the order of scanning the area?
Ceiling
Floor
Right wall —> left wall
Exit
Early identification and response to _____ can save the structure.
concealed space fires
Forcible entry involves a balance between _____ and _____.
Time and the damage it causes
What should crews do when nothing is showing upon arrival and the structure is locked?
Monitor the building and call for a key holder.
What is the preferred method of ventilation, when possible?
Horizontal
Who establishes the exit point for ventilation following “water on the fire”?
OVP
Where should the horizontal ventilation point be?
Near the seat of the fire.
What is possibly the most dangerous task performed by firefighters?
vertical ventilation
The risks involved in placing personnel above a working fire are _____ and in most cases not ______.
great
outweighed by the benefits
Vertical ventilation must be coordinated to be done when?
Just prior to “water on the fire”
Trench cuts are most effective when placed where?
Cut on the fire side of a rated (or even unrated) wall.
Relief cuts in a trench cut must be made at a maximum of every ______ feet.
five
The systematic search for savable victims
Primary search
The primary search should not be made until what two conditions have been met?
Attack line in place with water on the fire
ventilation has begun
All clear shall only be declared after what is complete?
Primary search
Where should primary searches begin?
As close to the are of involvement as possible.
Radio traffic relating to evacuating victims vs sheltering in place is stated how?
Evacuating occupants or defending occupants
Rescue efforts should be prioritized in what order?
- Most severely threatened
- The largest number
- The remainder of the fire area
- The exposed area
How does the utilities control person report all non-urgent information to command?
Face to face
Utilites control consists of what?
Secure power-main disconnect
Turn off water at meter if possible
Turn off gas if applicable
Involves the deployment of hose lines on the outside of the involved structure when the building is judged to be untenable or beyond saving due to extent of involvement.
Defensive attack
The objective of this attack is to confine the fire to the structure of origin.
Defensive attack
T/F command should consider establishing a RIT team even in defensive operations.
True
A thorough search of the interior of the fire area for victims after the initial fire control activities have been completed.
Secondary search
Secondary search should be preferably completed by who?
A different team than conducted the primary search.
What is the priority in a secondary search?
Thoroughness
Approximately how many minutes of water are available with a 2.5” attack line?
3
Approximately how many minutes of water are available with a 1 3/4” attack line?
5
Where there are no exposures, what kind of tactic can be deployed?
Surround and drown.
What is the only operational consideration during a surround and drown tactic?
Personnel safety
Efforts to keep property loss to a minimum by protecting contents from smoke and water is referred to as what or what?
Property conservation or salvage.
What is the best way to conserve property?
Quick and successful fire control
Salvage operations should not normally begin until and unless what has taken place?
Successful fire control.
No other action on the fire ground saves more lives and property than the _________ in the right place at the right time.
proper sized attack line
______ makes everything better.
Water on the fire
_________is not dependent on water supply or staffing.
Appropriate GPM
We must strive to complete the primary search within the first _____ minutes on scene.
10
Can search be assigned without knowing if the entire building can be searched?
yes
When it is appropriate to assign RIT crews to complete fireground tasks?
When critical tasks need to be completed.
When in a large structure it is most advantageous to begin fire attack from ______ rather than ________.
The closest entry point to the fire
arbitrarily from the front door
When arriving on to the incident, how far out from the scene should units announce their proximity?
one minute out
Per NFPA 1710, how many personnel must be provided for an initial alarm assignment on a SFR?
14
Per NFPA 1710, with an aerial in use, how many personnel must be provided for an initial alarm assignment on a SFR?
15
Per 1710, minimum water supply for a single family residence is ______gpm for _____ minutes.
400gpm
30 minutes
Per 1710, how many attack lines, with how many personnel, at how many gpm (minimum and combined gpm)?
two attack lines
two personnel per line
100gpm each, minimum
300gpm total, minimum
Per 1710, The support member for each attack line deployed is responsible for _____, _____, _____, _____.
hydrant hookup
assist laying lines
utility control
forcible entry
Per 1710 there should be at least ____ search/rescue team(s) consisting of ______ personnel each
one team
two personnel
Per 1710 there should be at least ____ team(s) of ____personnel assigned to raise ground ladders and perform ventilation.
one team
two personnel
Per 1710, if an aerial device is on scene it must have _______.
an opertator
Per 1710 an initial IRIC crew consisting of ______personnel must be in place.
two personnel.
Full RIT team assignments are not required until when?
second alarm.
Initial alarm assignment consists of what apparatus/personnel?
4 engines 1 ladder/truck 1 BC 1 EMS 1 EMS DO
Second alarm assignment consists of what apparatus/personnel?
2 engines 1 ladder/truck 1 BC 1 EMS 1 DO
Third alarm assignment consists of what apparatus/personnel?
2 engines
1 ladder/truck
Fourth alarm assignment consists of what apparatus/personnel?
2 engines
1 ladder/truck
Lee Control will advise all command staff officers upon request of what level of alarm?
Second alarm.
Gas leak/odor 2nd alarm assignment will consist of what apparatus/personnel? Rural?
2 engines
1 ladder/truck
Rural-
2 engines
2 tenders
Rural structure fire 2nd alarm assignments will consist of what apparatus/personnel?
2 tenders
At what point in the incident will dispatch ask if the IC would like to activate MAC coverage?
10 minute notification
Is the IC required to activate MAC coverage?
no
MAC coverage will be automatically activated upon activation of what tier of alarm?
2nd or higher
Who can request MAC coverage when they believe it is warranted?
IC’s or chief officers
What largely dictates the success of the command process?
Prioritizing which fire ground factors to base their decisions on.
What is the basis for the IAP?
results of the size up
What should be done about factors not able to be observed during the size up?
They should be investigated
What are the three basic sources for fire ground factors?
visual
recon
preplan/direct knowledge
Proper positioning of the command vehicle can provide the IC with a view of up to how much of the buildings exterior?
1/2
Visual information as a source of information for the IC consists of what?
what the IC can actually see from their vantage point
Information that command receives from fire personnel operating on the fire ground either by assignment or while working is referred to as what?
Reconnaissance information
A quick assessment of the fire building accomplished by walking around the structure and noting all significant factors such as visible fire/smoke, smoke, ventilation points, access points, victims, hazards, etc is referred to as what?
Recon
Intelligence that is gained from formal planning and direct site tours is referred to as what?
Pre-plan and direct knowledge information
Tactical priorities that are considered critical factors are what? (4)
Fire control
Search
Vent
Property conservation
Activities required to locate, contain, control, and extinguish the fire are referred to as what?
Fire control
Activities required to find, protect, remove, and/or treat the occupants while introducing clean fresh air into the area are referred to as what?
Search
Activities required to remove products of combustion are referred to as what?
Ventilation
What activity must be coordinated with the attack team placing water on the fire?
Ventilation
Designator of the personnel tasked with creating an exit point for products of combustion (in coordination with the attack team)
OVP
outside vent person
Activities required to stop or reduce additional loss to property are referred to as what?
Property conservation
What is the priority with possible victims inside a burning structure?
Fire attack
Involves the deployment and operation of hoselines inside a structure that is deemed tenable.
Offensive attack
The objective of an offensive attack is to ______.
Save lives and property.
The orderly removal of all personnel and equipment from the structure is known as?
Tactical withdrawal
When crews are ordered out without delay and may leave equipment behind is known as?
Emergency evacuation
Emergency evacuation is put in place how?
“Emergency evacuation” x 2 on radio
Multiples of three air horn blasts for 30 seconds
After emergency evacuation what should company officers do?
PAR and report results to command.
If offensive operations are not making significant progress within several minutes what should be considered?
Possible collapse
The unburned portion of a structure represents fuel for ______ and should be establish the ______ for fire control requirements.
fire spread
framework
How many units should be in staging relative to the number engaged in operations?
A similar number
What should be done to prevent information overload of an IC on a fire scene?
Assign a FIT
A request for a predefined level of additional resources.
Alarm
The closest unit of a specific type being requested is a _____.
Single resource request
A specific type of equipment (cascade, light, SRU)
Special resource request
Pre-deignated members of the regional IMT that report to the EOC and address resource response and coverage.
Area command
Five pieces of equipment of the same type.
Strike team
Five pieces of equipment of different types.
Task force
Any area remote in nature and not served by a municipal water supply system.
Rural area
The process of tracking personnel and resources on an incident scene.
Accountability
ADULTS acronym?
Advanced fire Defensive operations Unknown fire location/extent Large uncompartmentalized areas Tons of water Standpipe operations
Benchmark given by fire service personnel after a primary search is complete and no victims are inside.
All clear
A rapid introduction of air into an oxygen starved fire resulting in an explosion.
Backdraft
CAN report?
Verbal update giving conditions, actions, and needs.
The first arriving unit establishes this to dictate actions needed to mitigate the incident.
Command
The name of Command should be referenced to what?
geographical location
Stage of fire development within a structure characterized by either a decrease in fuel load or available oxygen to support combustion.
Decay stage
Door control is intended to do what?
Limit flow path to and from the fire area (oxygen in, heat/gases/fire out)
Victim is able to move freely within the vehicle but is unable to self extricate.
Entrapment
Reports from occupants, neighbors, someone other than FF’s that no one is in the structure?
Everyone out
Fire gases in the room reach simultaneous ignition temperatures in excess of ______, resulting in _______.
1100*
Flashover
The movement of heat and smoke from the higher pressure within the fire area toward the lower pressure areas, while oxygen is being drawn into the fire area, resulting in fire spread.
Flow path
A fire in which the heat release rate and fire growth are controlled by the characteristics of the fuel because there is adequate oxygen available.
Fuel limited fire
The rate at which energy is generated by the burning of a fuel and oxygen mixture.
Heat release rate
Report that includes a brief description of the incident, property involved, and initial actions that are being taken.
initial report
What are the six basic functions of a truck company at a structure fire?
Forcible entry Search and rescue Laddering Ventilation Overhaul Utilities
Company or FF designated to locate the window to the fire room and remove or ventilate the window as directed.
OVP
What is the longest allowable interval for PAR reports?
10 minutes
When should PAR be called for?
10 minutes
mode of operation changes
significant event occurs
When the victim is physically stuck in the vehicle due to the structural integrity of the passenger compartment having been compromised.
Pin in
A continuous process of monitoring conditions and environmental changes of an incident.
Size up
An assessment on whether units can operate within the fire area based on the conditions encountered and the impact of these conditions to potential victims and members.
Tenability
What is the priority upon entering the structure via a window during VEIS ops?
Close the door to that room.
Tactical priorities (in order) for a single family residential structure fire?
Fire attack/door control Search/remove victims Ventilation Water Supply 2nd line RIT
Residential structure fire SOG is applicable to residential bldgs from __ to __ units?
1 to 3
SFR 1st due responsibilities (13)
On scene report Est command Determine operational mode Conduct 360 Deploy attack line Forcible entry Attack main body of fire Search immediate fire area Check for extension Call for ventilation Call for assistance if needed with attack line Leave space for truck
2nd due SFR (truck functions)
Forcible entry
Primary search (inside/outside if 4 personnel)
Engineer
-sets up booster backup
- becomes OVP
-ladders 2nd floor
anticipate need for elevated master stream
1st due rescue SFR
Assist with attack line PRN
Truck company functions
3rd due SFR (unless truck company)
Continuous water supply
2nd attack line
4th due SFR
Ventilation
Unmet tactical priorities
Consider secondary search
5th due SFR
RIT
Ladders for secondary egress
Unmet tactical priorities
(If 5th due is not RIT, IC calls for add’l resources)
2nd due rescue SFR
Report to command
Unmet tactical priorities
Battalion Chief SFR
Assume command
IMS
2nd battalion or staff chief SFR
Report to command post
Safety Officer
Division/Group/Branch assignment
Coordinate decontaminated/rehab
What consideration should the apparatus providing booster backup make?
Pull past the first due to leave space for the ladder.
Within what distance from the water supply will the first due apparatus be expected to secure it’s own water?
100’
