3.2.1.1 - Constituents of the Atom Flashcards
What are atoms made up of?
Electrons, protons and neutrons.
What is found in the nucleus?
Protons and neutrons.
Relative mass of a proton?
1
Relative mass of a neutron?
1
Relative mass of an electron?
0.0005
Relative charge of a proton?
+1
Relative charge of a neutron?
0
Relative charge of an electron?
-1
What is the proton number?
Total number of protons in the nucleus.
What is the nucleon number?
The total number of protons and neutrons.
What does an uncharged atom have?
Equal numbers of protons and electrons.
What are isotopes?
Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Specific charge =
Q/M
When there is an ion how do we work out specific charge?
Using the ion, times that by the charge on an electron. Then divide by the mass as usual.
What is specific charge?
The charge per unit mass or the charge to mass ratio.
When drawing an atom what goes on the top and what goes on the bottom?
Nucleon on top, proton on bottom.
Why can we use radioactivity to find how old living things are?
All living things contain the same percentage of radioactive carbon-14 inside them taken in from the atmosphere.
What is a nucleon?
A proton or neutron in the nucleus.
What is a nuclide?
A type of nucleus with a particular number of protons and neutrons.
What happens to the amount of C-14 when things die?
It decreases over time as it decays into stable elements.
What can scientists use the isotopic data to do?
Calculate the approximate age from the dead organic matter by finding the percentage of radioactive C-14 left in the object.
