3.2.1.1 - Constituents of the Atom

Question 1

What are atoms made up of?

Answer 1

Electrons, protons and neutrons.

Question 2

What is found in the nucleus?

Answer 2

Protons and neutrons.

Question 3

Relative mass of a proton?

Answer 3

1

Question 4

Relative mass of a neutron?

Answer 4

1

Question 5

Relative mass of an electron?

Answer 5

0.0005

Question 6

Relative charge of a proton?

Answer 6

+1

Question 7

Relative charge of a neutron?

Answer 7

0

Question 8

Relative charge of an electron?

Answer 8

-1

Question 9

What is the proton number?

Answer 9

Total number of protons in the nucleus.

Question 10

What is the nucleon number?

Answer 10

The total number of protons and neutrons.

Question 11

What does an uncharged atom have?

Answer 11

Equal numbers of protons and electrons.

Question 12

What are isotopes?

Answer 12

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 13

Specific charge =

Answer 13

Q/M

Question 14

When there is an ion how do we work out specific charge?

Answer 14

Using the ion, times that by the charge on an electron. Then divide by the mass as usual.

Question 15

What is specific charge?

Answer 15

The charge per unit mass or the charge to mass ratio.

Question 16

When drawing an atom what goes on the top and what goes on the bottom?

Answer 16

Nucleon on top, proton on bottom.

Question 17

Why can we use radioactivity to find how old living things are?

Answer 17

All living things contain the same percentage of radioactive carbon-14 inside them taken in from the atmosphere.

Question 18

What is a nucleon?

Answer 18

A proton or neutron in the nucleus.

Question 19

What is a nuclide?

Answer 19

A type of nucleus with a particular number of protons and neutrons.

Question 20

What happens to the amount of C-14 when things die?

Answer 20

It decreases over time as it decays into stable elements.

Question 21

What can scientists use the isotopic data to do?

Answer 21

Calculate the approximate age from the dead organic matter by finding the percentage of radioactive C-14 left in the object.