3.2.1.1 Constituents of the Atom Flashcards
What are atoms made up of?
Protons, Neutrons and Electrons.
Which subatomic particles are inside the nucleus of the atom?
Protons and Neutrons.
Which subatomic particle is found orbiting the nucleus in shells?
Electrons
What is the charge of a proton? (In coulombs and Relative Charge)
Relative Charge = + 1
Charge in Coulombs = + 1.6 x 10^-19.
What is the mass of a proton? (In Kg and Relative Mass)
Relative mass = 1
Mass in kg = 1.67 x 10 ^-27
What is the charge of a neutron? (In coulombs and Relative charge)
Relative Charge = 0
Charge in Coulombs = 0
What is the mass of a neutron? (In kg and relative mass)
Relative mass = 1
Mass in kg = 1.67 x 10^-27
What is the charge of an electron? (In Coulombs and relative charge)
Relative Charge = - 1
Coulombs = - 1.6 x 10^-19
What is the mass of an electron? (In kg and relative mass)
Relative mass = 0.0005
Mass in kg = 9.11 x 10^-31
What is the proton number of an atom?
The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom.
What is another name for the proton number of an atom?
The atomic number, symbol Z, is another name for the proton number.
What defines each element and why?
The proton number defines the element, because no two elements will have the same number of protons.
What is special about a neutral atom?
A neutral atom has the same number of protons and electrons.
What is an ion?
An ion is an atom that has lost or gained electrons.
How does an atom become a positively charged ion?
An atom must lose electrons to become a positively charged ion.
How does an atom become a negative ion?
An atom must gain electrons to become a negatively charged ion.
What is the nucleon number of the atom?
The nucleon number is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom.
What is another name for the nucleon number of an atom?
The nucleon number is also called the mass number, symbol Z.
What is nuclide notation?
Nuclide notation is the form of which the atom is written.
The nucleon number (A) goes in the top left, and the proton number (Z) goes in the bottom left of the symbol.
What is an isotope?
Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons.
How does changing the number of neutrons affect the atom?
Doesn’t affect the chemical properties
Affects the stability of the nucleus.
What is the specific charge of a particle?
The specific charge of a particle is the ratio of its mass to its charge.
It is the amount of mass per unit charge.
What is the unit for the specific charge of an atom?
Coulombs per kilogram - C/kg
What is the equation used to calculate the specific charge of an atom?
Specific charge = Charge / Mass
