3.2.1 Global Systems and Global Governance Flashcards
What is Globalisation?
The growing interconnectiveness and interdependence of countries worldwide through trade, transport, capital flows, technology, communications and culture
How is the Wimbledon (Slazenger) tennis ball an example of a globalised product?
The travel of the wool in a Wimbledon Tennis ball: Wool travels from New Zealand to the UK where it is turned into felt and sent back to the Philippines. The glue is from the Philippines and the petroleum naphthalene is from China.
How many countries are involved in the global production of a Wimbledon tennis ball?
10 countries (complex supply chain)
How many miles are involved in the global production of a Wimbledon tennis ball?
50,000 miles
What does Marshal McLuhan’s term ‘global village’ refer to (1960)?
The breakdown of spatial barriers around the world since the world is shrinking both physically and technologically.
Give some examples of the space-time compression.
1930s - possible to travel from Doncaster to London in a day.
1950s - possible to travel from England to the South of France.
1960s onwards - Singapore to NYC in 18 hours
What is a dimension?
An aspect of a situation, which may be measurable (Ways and types of globalisation)
What is a factor?
Something that contributes towards an end result (Accelerators of globalisation which make it happen)
What is the economic globalisation process caused by?
- Free trade
- Global marketing
- TNC’s
- ICT Support
What is economic globalisation characterised by?
Flows of goods (imports and exports)
What is the cultural/social globalisation process caused by?
- Migration
- Media
- Communication networks
- Tourism
- Westernisation
What is cultural/social globalisation characterised by?
Spread of ideas, information and images.
What is the process of political globalisation caused by?
- Western democracy
- Trade agreements
- Global institutions
What is political globalisation characterised by?
- Development of economies
- Shared government policy
What is political globalisation characterised by?
- Development of economies
- Shared government policy
What can increasing flows of information lead to?
The transfer of:
- Cultural ideas
- Language
- Industrial technology
- Design and business management support
How has digitisation and satellite technology transformed flows on information?
- Improvements to global telephone networks has made communication cheaper and easier
- Emails and the internet enables large amounts of information to be exchanged instantly across the globe
- Live media coverage is available on a global scale because of satellite technology
How does FDI help LICS to develop and reduce inequality?
FDI is any investment made mainly by TNCs, based in one country, into the physical capital or assets of enterprises in another country which boosts developing economies. (Helpful)
How does repatriation of profits help LICs to develop and reduce inequality?
TNCs investing in overseas production will take profit made from that investment back to their home country, through this economic leakage occurs. (Not helpful)
How does aid help LICs to develop and reduce inequality?
Aid provides financial support for less developed economies, this can be provided by the UN, ODA or bilaterally. (Helpful)
How does migration help LICs to develop and reduce inequality?
Most migration of labour occurs from less developed to more developed economies - less developed nations lose their most skilled and talented labour (Not helpful)
How did the deregulation of financial markets influence flows of capital?
Activities of financial institutions, such as banks, insurance companies and investment companies were no longer confined within national boundaries.
What happened during the 2020 pandemic? Why?
GDP in the UK declined by 9.7% (the steepest drop since 1948). This was because, factories were unable to produce products, disruptions were made to transport.
Why did Dyson move production to Malaysia in 2002?
- Labour costs are lower due to fewer unions
- Cheap land more widely accessible
- Employment laws are less restricted
- Workers are less selective than in the UK
So, mass production is more possible.
What are high levels services?
Services to businesses such as finance, investment and advertising.
What are low level services?
Services to consumers such as banking, travel and tourism, customer call centres
What is the advantage opf a business operating footloose?
Where services such as banking, insurance and advertising could locate anywhere and advancing technology but this means that they can still serve the needs of customers worldwide.
Describe the general pattern of flows of labour.
Most economic migrants moving between continents are not the poorest but are those with some education and financial means.
