3.2 The components of fitness, benefits for sport and how fitness is measured and improved Flashcards
Define cardiovascular fitness
The ability to exercise the whole body for a long period of time. It is how well the body can supply oxygen to the working muscles and remove carbon dioxide
Define muscular strength
The maximum force a muscle or group of muscles can exert
Define muscular endurance
The ability to use the same muscle or group of muscles repeatedly without getting tired
Define flexibility
The range of movement possible a joint
Define body composition
The percentage of the body that is muscle, fat or bone
Name three sports where cardiovascular fitness is very important
Marathon running Long distance cycling Long distance swimming Football Hockey
Name three sports where muscular endurance is very important
Long distance cycling
Long distance swimming
Long distance rowing
Name three sports or moments in a sport where muscular strength is important
Tackle in rugby
Weight lifting
Holding a handstand in gymnastics
Name three sports or moments in a sport where flexibility is important
Performing the splits in gymnastics
Lunging to return the shuttle in badminton
Going over a hurdle in athletics
Name three sports where a person’s body composition is important
Endurance running - low body fat, light so less weight to carry
Sumo wrestling - high percentage of body fat
100m sprinter - high levels of muscle to generate high speed
Define agility
The ability to change direction quickly and with control
Define Balance
Being able to keep the body still at rest (static) or whilst moving (dynamic)
Define coordination
The ability to use tow or more body parts together
Define power
The ability to undertake strength performance quickly
Define reaction time
The time between the presentation of a stimulus and the onset of movement
Define speed
The rate at which an individual can perform a movement or cover a distance
Name three sports or moments in sports where agility is important
Rugby - running up the pitch with the ball and dodging the defender
Netball - getting away from the defender to receive the ball
Badminton - moving about the court to return the shuttle
Name three sports or moments in sports where balance is important
Netball - marking the player who is taking a shot
Basketball - not being pushed over by a defender when you have the ball and they are challenging you for it
Gymnastics - when performing a routine on the beam
Ruby - when being lift in the line out
Name three sports or moments in sports where coordination is important
Table tennis - hand eye coordination to be able to hit the ball
Football - foot eye coordination to be able to kick the ball
Trampolining - to be able to perform a skill such as swivel hips effectively
Name three sports or moments in sports where power is important
100m sprinting - pushing off blocks at the start of the race
Volleyball - to jump and play a shot
Long jump - when taking off
Name three sports or moments in sports where reaction time is important
Tennis - to react to where the ball is being played
Sprinting - to react to the starters gun
Football - goal keeper to react to save the shot at goal
Name three sports or moments in sports where speed is important
100m sprint - to complete the race as fast as possible
Hockey - to beat the defender to the ball
Long jump - to have a fat run up
Name the 2 fitness tests for cardiovascular fitness
Cooper 12 minute run or swim
Harvard step test
Name the 2 fitness tests for muscular endurance
1 minute press up test
1 minute sit up test
