3.1.6 - modifiable factors (smoking, alcohol, high BMI) Flashcards
Smoking + CVD
- Tobacco smoke = reduce amount of oxygen in blood contributing to increase blood pressure + heart rate.
Smoking + cancer
Tobacco smoke can cause a fault in the body cells as they divide which can lead to a tumour then cancer.
Smoking + prenatal/infant health outcomes
Tobacco use during pregnancy reduces blood flow to baby = reduce amounts of nutrients available.
Smoking + asthma
Exposure to tobacco smoke early in life causes muscles in airways to tighten + lining becomes inflamed producing mucous = difficult to breath.
Respiratory disease
Tobacco smoke damages airways by causing inflammation in the airways contributing to a number of respiratory conditions.
Smoking + infectious disease
Low immune system function increasing the risk of contracting diseases.
High BMI + CVD
High BMI = greater strain on the heart = increased risk of hypertension, heart attack, + stroke.
High BMI + cancer
Relationship between them.
High BMI + T2D
T2D = pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin or body can’t use it effectively which is associated with high BMI.
High BMI + asthma
Children with high BMI have a higher chance of developing asthma.
High BMI + mental health issues
High BMI can contribute to higher anxiety + depression.
High BMI + maternal health conditions
More susceptible to pregnancy-related conditions (eg. high BP + gestational diabetes).
Alcohol + high BMI
Alcohol contains kj’s which means it can increase the chance of an individual gaining weight.
Alcohol + cancer
Risk of developing cancer as a result of alcohol is influenced by the amount consumed.
Alcohol + liver disease
Alcohol is filtered through the liver + excessive consumption = scarring of liver tissue which can lead to it not functioning properly + toxins remaining in the body (chronic liver disease).
