Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

3.1 Biological Molecules (A Level Biology) > 3.1.4 Proteins > Flashcards

3.1.4 Proteins Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

There are …different amino acids that can be used to form polypeptides

A

20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A condensation reaction between 2 amino acids forms…

A

Dipeptide and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A condensation reaction between …amino acids forms a dipeptide and water

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A…reaction between 2 amino acids forms a dipeptide and water

A

Condensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A dipeptide and 1 molecule of water are hydrolysed to form…

A

2 amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name for bond between 2 amino acids in dipeptide

A

Peptide bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

During the condensation of 2 amino acids to form a dipeptide and water a …bond is formed between the 2 amino acids

A

Peptide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

H2N is known as the…group

A

Amine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

True or false, when drawing an amino acid the H must always go on the top and the R must always go on the bottom

A

False
The R and H can go either way round
But the amine group (H2N) must always go on the left and the carboxylic acid (COOH) must always go on the right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The…group of the amino acid determines which amino acid it is

A

R
(The R group is variable as it can change but the rest of the amino acid never changes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which part of the amino acid is variable so can change

A

R group
(The R group determines which amino acid it is)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dipeptides are formed by the condensation of…amino acids but polypeptides are formed by the condensation of many amino acids

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When we call it a polypeptide vs protein

A

Polypeptide= 1 polypeptide chain
Protein= multiple polypeptide chains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Amylase is made up of only 1 polypeptide chain therefore it’s called a …(protein/ polypeptide)

A

Polypeptide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Haemoglobin is made up of 4 polypeptide chains so it’s called a …(protein/ polypeptide)

A

Protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Instead of saying that the amino acid sequence effects the shape of the polypeptide/ protein, we say that the amino acid sequence effects the…of the polypeptide/ protein

A

Tertiary structure

17
Q

Tertiary structure of protein/ polypeptide is determined by bonds between …

A

R groups

18
Q

The …of proteins/ polypeptides is determined by bonds between R groups

A

Tertiary structure

19
Q

3 examples of bonds between R groups in the polypeptide/ protein that determine its tertiary structure

A

Disulphide bridge
Ionic bonds
Hydrogen bonds

20
Q

There are…levels of protein structure in the hierarchy

A

4
(However the 4th level only applies to proteins and not polypeptides as it involves more than 1 polypeptide chain)

21
Q

Primary structure of protein meaning (although technically it should be called primary structure of polypeptide)

A

Sequence of amino acids in polypeptide chain

22
Q

The sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain is known as the…structure

A

Primary

23
Q

Secondary structure of proteins meaning (although technically it should be called secondary structure of polypeptides)

A

Some regions of the polypeptide chain fold in a specific way to form an alpha helix or beta sheet and there are hydrogen bonds between the C=O and N-H of different amino acids which stabilises the structure

24
Q

When talking about secondary structure, we talk about …bonds

A

Hydrogen

25
Q

In the secondary structure…bonds stabilise the structure

A

Hydrogen

26
Q

In the secondary structure of protein, hydrogen bonds refer to bonds between … and…of different amino acids

A

C=O
H-N

27
Q

Is secondary structure 2D or 3D

A

2D

28
Q

Tertiary structure of protein (although technically it should be called tertiary structure of polypeptide) is held together by a number of different bonds between the…groups

A

R

29
Q

In the…structure, different polypeptide chains are held together by disulphide bridges/ ionic bonds/ hydrogen bonds (same type of bonds as for tertiary structure)

A

Quaternary

30
Q

When carrying out the biuret test for proteins, the test solution must be…(acidic/ alkaline)

A

Alkaline
(Biuret reagant contains sodium hydroxide which is alkaline)

31
Q

To test for proteins you either add biuret regant to the test solution or sodium…(which is alkali) and copper…solution (which is blue)

A

Hydroxide
Sulphate

32
Q

True or false, functional proteins are always made up of one polypeptide chain

A

False
They may contain one or more polypeptide chain (some functional proteins like amylose are only made up of one polypeptide chain but Haemoglobin for example is made up of 4 polypeptide chains)

3.1 Biological Molecules (A Level Biology) (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions