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Chemistry > 3.1.2 + 3.1.3 Group 2 + Halogens > Flashcards

3.1.2 + 3.1.3 Group 2 + Halogens Flashcards

1
Q

What is a common name given to group 2 metals?

A

Alkaline earth metals

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2
Q

What is the most reactive metal of group 2?

A

Barium

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3
Q

List three physical properties of group 2 metals

A

High melting and boiling points
Low density metals
Form colourless (white) compounds

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4
Q

The highest energy electrons of group 2 metals are in which sub shell

A

S sepubsgell

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5
Q

Does reactivity increase or decrease down group 2? Why?

A

Increase
Electrons are lost more easily because larger atomic radius and more shielding

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6
Q

What happens to the first ionisation energy as you go down group 2? Why?

A

Decreases
Number of filled electron shells increases so increase in shielding
Increased atomic radius so weaker force between outer electrons and nucleus

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7
Q

What type of reaction is between group 2 elements and oxygen?

A

Redox reaction

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8
Q

What are the products when group 2 elements reacts with water?

A

Hydroxide and hydrogen gas

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9
Q

Which group 2 element doesn’t react with water?

A

Beryllium

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10
Q

What are the products when group 2 elements react with a dilute acid?

A

Salt and hydrogen gas

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11
Q

What is formed when a group 2 oxide reacts with water?

A

Metal hydroxide

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12
Q

What group 2 metal oxide is insoluble in water?

A

Beryllium oxide

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13
Q

What is the trend in hydroxide solubility down group 2?

A

Increases down the group

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14
Q

What is Ca(OH)2 used for?

A

Used to neutralise soil

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15
Q

What is Mg(OH)2 used for?

A

Milk of magnesia- antacid to treat indigestion, heartburn, et cetera

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16
Q

What is calcium carbonate used for?

A

Present in limestone and marble used in building construction

17
Q

What is the drawback of using calcium carbonate in construction?

A

Group 2 carbonate react with acid

18
Q

What group elements are referred to as the halogens?

A

7

19
Q

List two properties of halogens

A

Low melting and boiling points
Exist as diatomic molecules

20
Q

What is the trend in boiling point down group 7? Why?

A

Increases down the group because

Size of atom increases as more occupied electron shells so stronger London forces of attraction between molecules which take more energy to break

21
Q

What is the trend in reactivity during group? Why?

A

Reactivity decreases because

Atomic radius increases
Electron shielding increases
Ability to gain an electron and form 1- ions decreases

22
Q

What is the trending oxidising ability down the group? Why?

A

Decreases down the group this is because CL has the fewest occupied electron shells, greater force of attraction between outer electrons and nucleus and thus is the easiest to gain electrons and be reduced

23
Q

What is the trend in reducing ability of the halides down the group? Why?

A

Increases down the group this is because I minus has the most occupied electron shell so out of electrons are further from the nucleus, weakest force of attraction between outer electrons and positive charge of the nucleus and thus is the easiest to be oxidised and lose electrons

24
Q

When a more reactive halogen displace is a less reactive halide what is the reaction called?

A

Displacement reaction

25
Q

What is the colour of chlorine in water?

A

Pale green

26
Q

What is the colour of bromine in water?

A

Orange

27
Q

What is the colour of iodine in water?

A

Brown

28
Q

What is the colour of chlorine in cyclohexane?

A

Pale green

29
Q

What is the colour of bromine in cyclohexane?

A

Orange

30
Q

What is the colour of iodine in cyclohexane?

A

Violet

31
Q

Define disproportionation

A

The oxidation and reduction of the same element in a redox reaction

32
Q

What type of reaction is the reaction of chlorine with water?

A

Disproportionation, chlorine is both oxidised and reduced

33
Q

Why is chlorine added to drinking water?

A

It kills the bacteria in water and makes it safer to drink

34
Q

What are two forms of the chlorate ion?

A

ClO- chlorate(I)
ClO3- chlorate(V)

35
Q

What is the equation for forming bleach?

A

Cl2(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) -> NaCl (aq) + NaClO(aq) + H2O

NaClO is bleach

Chemistry (7 decks)

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