3.1 Study Guide Flashcards
What is a monomer?
A type of small molecule. The basic structural unit. They are linked together.
What is a polymer?
Large molecule made up of repeating monomers. They are the chain.
How are monomers and polymers related?
Polymers are made up of monomers, mononucleotide form polynucleotide when joined together, and neither have chemical formulas.
What are isomers?
Molecules with the same molecular formula, but different structures (shapes).
What are the functional groups?
Parts of organic molecules that are involved in chemical reactions.
Please list each group and whether they’re polar, nonpolar, + charged, and/or - charged.
- Hydroxyl (polar).
- Carbonyl (polar).
- Carboxyl (polar and - charge).
- Ameno (+ charge).
- Sulfhydryl (very little nonpolar and very little polar).
- Phosphate (very - charge).
- Methyl (nonpolar).
Please describe the dehydration synthesis reaction.
Polymers are able to split to release monomers from the chain.
Please describe the hydrolysis reaction.
Monomers bind together to form polymers. Water is produced in the reaction.
Why is carbon a versatile building block for organic molecules?
Because they can change the length and shape of a molecule.
How can functional groups determine the function of organic molecules?
They give organic molecules distinctive properties.
What is a small unit, usually just a small molecule, and they link together?
Monomer.
They are a large molecule. They are the chain. They are made up of monomers.
Polymer.
