3.1 Reduce Tensions

Question 1

What does Detente mean

Answer 1

Relaxation

Question 2

What were the features of Detente

Answer 2

Outer space Treaty - 1967
Non proliferation Treaty 1968
SALT 1 1972

Question 3

What was SALT 1

Answer 3

It was the first time the superpowers agreed to limit missile production. It was agreed that there would be:
A five year delay on missile production
To limit the increase of ICBM and SLBM (submarine based missiles)

Question 4

What year was the Helsinki Accors

Answer 4

1975

Question 5

How many other countries signed the Helsinki accords

Answer 5

33

Question 6

What were the three agreements (baskets)

Answer 6

European boarder - Boarders cannot be altered by force and are invioble

Internation co -operation - bith superpowers will continue to work together. This will include trade agreements, technology exchanges and a joint space mission.

Hunan Rights - They will protect human Rights and individual freedom such as free speech, religion and movement across Europe

Question 7

When did carter decide to sign SALT 2

Answer 7

1979

Question 8

What did SALT 2 agreement include

Answer 8

Restrictions on missile launchers and strategic bomber, as well as a ban in testing of developing new types of ICBM

Question 9

Why was there a problem with SALT 2

Answer 9

This is because relations began to fade.

Question 10

What was the problems with relations between the Soviets and the US that affected SALT 2

Answer 10

In the US there was a growing belief that the Soviets cannot be trusted.

There was an increase in Soviet support in countries such as El Salvador

Any agreements with tye soviets were seen as a sign of weakeness by Americans

In 1979, Islamic militants captured American embassy in Tehran. 60 were held hostage for 444 days and it was a humiliation

This made the US want to see the end of detante

Even US administration advisers wanted to take as stronger stance against the soviets

Then the Soviets invaded Afganistan

Causing Detante and SALT 2 to be abandoned

Question 11

Why did Regans attitude change about the soviets

Answer 11

This is because Gorbachev proposed radical reforms and was more open to the west so Regan recognised that the soviets were getting steered in a new direction

Regan now thought that the best way to deal with the soviets is through negotiations so tensions decreased

Question 12

Why did Gorbachev have this ‘New thinking’

Answer 12

This is because the economy was suffering badly
Poor standard of living
Couldn’t keep uo in the arms race

Question 13

What wasnGorbachev’s ‘new thinking’

Answer 13

Glasnost - more openess and less corruption in the government. Would allow oppisition (free speech) and give people a better understanding on how their country is run

Peristroika - Economy reformed to include some practices that made capitalism successful. E.g trade with the west

Question 14

When was the INF Treaty signed

Answer 14

1987

Question 15

What did the Intermediate range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) agree on

Answer 15

To remove missiles from Europe within 3 years.

Question 16

What was the significance of the INF Treaty

Answer 16

This Treaty was a milestone in American Soviet relations