1.2 Development If The Cold War

Question 1

When was the Truman Doctrine

Answer 1

March 1947

Question 2

What was the main reason for the Truman Doctrine

Answer 2

This was to stop the spread of communism. This is because after WW2 some European countries were in ruins and their economy was broken and because wealthier countries like Britain could not supply countries with aid anymore (e.g Turkey and Greece) communism look more appealing.

Question 3

What did the Truman Doctrine state

Answer 3

It stated that it will provide any aid to any country that stands up against communism. Also it will start with providing Turkey and Greece with $400M

Question 4

When was the Marshall Plan

Answer 4

June 1947

Question 5

What did the Marshall plan state

Answer 5

It promised $17 billion dollars of Aid to help rebuild European economies

Question 6

What was the impact of the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan

Answer 6

Stalin ordered all communist controlled countries to reject the Plan as he saw this as an attempt to lure countries away from the USSR and extend US influence

Stalin also saw this as an attempt to divide European economy in two and set up a US economic empire in Europe. The Soviets called this dollar imperialism

Any chance of a Grand Alliance was crushed as this Doctrine goes completely against communism

Stalin felt that the US were trying to crush communism

Question 7

When was cominform created

Answer 7

1947

Question 8

What was cominform

Answer 8

Organisation that represented communist views in Europe

Question 9

What was the significance of cominform

Answer 9

It was used by Stalin to make sure all the communist parties in Europe stayed loyal to him.
E.g their first decision was to reject Marshall Aid

Question 10

When was comecon

Answer 10

1949

Question 11

Why was comecon made

Answer 11

To encourage trade with members of the satelite state and discourage trade with the west. Also it was a direct response to the Marshall Plan

Question 12

When was Nato made

Answer 12

1949

Question 13

What was NATO

Answer 13

It is a defence alliance formed as a deterant. This means if one country gets attacked they all respond

Question 14

What was the consequences of NATO

Answer 14

Stalin saw this as a direct threat to communism
Caused the Warsaw Pact to be created in 1955
Proves that the US are fully commited to defending Western Europe from communism
Europe now divided in 2 hostile camps : East V West

Question 15

When was he Berlin blockade

Answer 15

1948

Question 16

Why did Stalin do a blockade of Berlin

Answer 16

Because he knew that the Western powers were vulnerable as they were surrounded by the Soviets and to show the Western powers that a divided Berlin wouldn’t work.

In hopes of a propaganda victory

Direct challange to Truman

Question 17

What did the Western powers do in response to the Berlin blockade

Answer 17

They knew they could not send supplies in by land as it would of been seen as an act of war so they flew supplies in so if the Soviets shot them down they would look like the agressors. This was called the airlift

Question 18

How much supplies were the US and Britain flying into Berlin

Answer 18

1000 tonnes a day and at their peak month 170,000 tonnes

Question 19

When did the blockade get lifted/how long did it take

Answer 19

1949 it took nearly a year

Question 20

What were the consequences of the blockade/airlift

Answer 20

Stalin lost the proaganda war
Stalin was seen as the agressor
There were no casulties and West Berlin was taken back

Question 21

What was the Federal Republic of Germany

Answer 21

Combination of France and British zones in Germany (West)

Question 22

What is the Democratic republic of Germany

Answer 22

This was in response to federal republic of Germany (East)

Question 23

When was the Federal republic of Germany made

Answer 23

3 days after the blockade May 1949

Question 24

When was the democratic republic of Germany ,ade

Answer 24

October 1949

Question 25

Why was the Federal republic of Germany good

Answer 25

They had free elections
There was a new capital
The country was much bigger than the east