3.1 - Genetically Modified Organisms

Question 1

what does ‘genetic engineering’ mean?

Answer 1

changing the genetic sequence of an organism through the human use of modern biotechnology techniques

Question 2

What are genetically engineered organisms called?

Answer 2

genetically modified organisms (GMOs)

Question 3

what is a transgenic organism?

Answer 3

an organism that has been modified by incorporating a piece of foreign DNA from another organism into its genome

Question 4

what are knock-out organisms?

Answer 4

organisms whose DNA has been modified to disable the expression or function of a gene product

Question 5

what are knock-in organisms?

Answer 5

organisms in which DNA has been inserted into a specific locus so that they are controlled by a particular promoter in the organisms genome

Question 6

are all GMOs also TGOs?

Answer 6

All TGOs are GMOs but not all GMOs are TGOs

Question 7

what is a reporter gene?

Answer 7

a gene that enables visualisation or quantification of gene expression