3.1 Epidemiology Fundamentals Flashcards
1
Q
Epidemiology
A
- The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations.
- Method used to find the cause of health outcomes and disease in populations.
- MAIN GOAL IS PREVENTION AND HEALTH PROMOTION
2
Q
Study
A
- Uses quantitative data and studies to examine the relationship between exposure and disease
3
Q
Distribution
A
- Searches for patterns in the frequency or occurrence of diseases in population.
4
Q
Determinants
A
- Figuring out the risk factors, contributing agents, exposures, or causes of disease
5
Q
Health-Related States/Events
A
- Focuses on infection and communicable diseases
- Also focuses on chronic issues, environmental health, occupational conditions, genetic diseases, mental conditions, injuries
6
Q
Specified Populations
A
- The focus of epidemiology is POPULATION NOT INDIVIDUAL
7
Q
Application
A
- Focuses on understanding how diseases begin and spread through populations.
- Data is applied in practice to prevent, control, and treat disease.
8
Q
Types of Prevention
A
Primary Prevention
- Intervention before the disease occurs
- Focus on health promotion, education, knowledge
- Example education on diet for a patient at risk for diabetes
Secondary Prevention
- Improving outcomes for someone who has a disease
- Early treatment and intervention increases cure rates
- A1C blood tests to catch diabetes in its earliest stages
Tertiary Prevention
- Occurs when a patient has a disease and the focus is to limit the disability and achieve a state of rehabilitation
- Insulin and glucose monitoring for diagnosed patient
9
Q
Outbreak
A
- Limited to a small geographic area
- Food poisoning, norovirus, enterovirus, seasonal flu
10
Q
Epidemic
A
- An outbreak that is not necessarily contagious
- Affects a large number of people at the same time.
Examples
- HIV/AIDS
