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Anatomy 2 > 31-90 > Flashcards

31-90 Flashcards

1
Q

Name the part of the duodenum into which the common bile and pancreatic ducts open:
pars descendens
pars inferior
pars ascendens
pars superior
m. obliquus internus abdominis and its aponeurosis m. transversus
pars horizontalis

A

pars descendens

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2
Q

Specify the location of the Peyer’s patches: duodenum

stomach jejunum caecum ileum

A

ileum

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3
Q

Specify the occurrence of the descending position of the appendix: 25%
40-45%
13%
17-20% 70%

A

40-45%

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4
Q

Specify which feature allows you to distinguish the transverse colon from the others parts of the colon?
presence epiploic appendices
presence greater omentum
orientation in the transverse direction
intraperitoneal relationship to the peritoneum, presence of mesentery
presence teniae colli

A

intraperitoneal relationship to the peritoneum, presence of mesentery

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5
Q 
Specify what functions the intestinal wall mucosa performs:
secretory, covering
hematopoietic, hormonal 
digestive, neutralizing 
secretory, motor 
absorption, secretory
A

secretory, covering

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6
Q

When performing rectoscopy (examination of the rectal mucosa), the proctologist must remember that there are two flexures formed by the rectum in the sagittal plane. Specify these flexures: upper-flexura fornicis, lateral-flexura perinealis
upper-flexura sacralis, lower-flexura perinealis
pelvic-flexura pelvis, lower-flexura perinealis upper-flexura fornicis, middle-flexura medius front-flexura urinaria, lower-flexura rectalis

A

upper-flexura sacralis, lower-flexura perinealis

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7
Q

Holotopy of the liver:
in the epigastrium and left hypochondrium
in the epigastrium and right hypochondrium
in the navel region
in the left hypochondrium
in the right lateral region

A

in the epigastrium and right hypochondrium

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8
Q

Liver lobes that are determined on the visceral surface: 2 lobes-right and left
4 lobes –front,back,right and left
2 lobes-costal and diaphragmatic
4 lobes –quadrate, caudate, right and left
3 lobes-vesicular, anterior and caudate

A

4 lobes –quadrate, caudate, right and left

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9
Q 
Liver surfaces: 
medial and lateral
costal and sternum 
parietal and visceral
front and back
diaphragmatic and visceral
A

diaphragmatic and visceral

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10
Q

Specify where the bile duct opens: into the common hepatic duct
into the pancreatic duct
to the common bile duct
into the thoracic duct vater’s papilla

A

to the common bile duct

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11
Q 
Specify the structural and functional unit of the liver:
lobules
nephron 
acinus 
sinus 
pyramid
A

lobules

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12
Q 
How the peritoneum covers the liver:
mesoperitoneal
the peritoneum does not cover
upper section-intraperitoneal, lower section-extraperitoneal extraperitoneal
intraperitoneal
A

mesoperitoneal

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13
Q

A 72-year-old patient was admitted to the emergency room with complaints of pain in the right hypochondrium, and the doctor found an increase size of the liver by percussion. Specify the lower at the edge of the costal arch on the left
horizontal line at the level of the seventh intercostal space on the right
oblique line from the xiphoid process to the corner of the tenth rib
1 cm above the nave
border of the liver as normal:
along the right midclavicular line at the edge of the costal arch

A

along the right midclavicular line at the edge of the costal arch

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14
Q 
Specify which formation passes through the liver lobules:
central vien
branches of the portal vein 
interlobular vein
tributaries of the liver veins 
vena cava inferior
A

central vien

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15
Q 
Characteristics of the exocrine part of the pancreas: complex alveolar
simple alveolar
complex tubular
complex alveolar-tubular
simple tubular
A

complex alveolar-tubular

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16
Q 
Specify a duct called Wirsung's: 
ductus choledochus
ductus hepatis dexter
ductus pancreaticus
ductus hepaticus communis 
ductus parotideus
A

ductus pancreaticus

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17
Q

How the peritoneum covers the pancreas:
mesoperitoneal
the peritoneum does not cover

upper section-intraperitoneal, lower section-extraperitoneal extraperitoneal
intraperitoneal

A

mesoperitoneal

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18
Q 
Specify which organ is located in front of the pancreas:
stomach
liver 
spleen 
jejunum 
gallbladder
A

stomach

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19
Q

A patient was admitted to the surgical department with a gunshot wound to the abdomen, the tail of the pancreas and the organs located behind it were damaged. Specify these bodies.
middle part of the left kidney and left ureter
duodenum
initial section of the jejunum
small curvature and cardiac part of the stomach left adrenal gland and upper part of the left kidney

A

left adrenal gland and upper part of the left kidney

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20
Q 
Specify the functions of the pancreas: barrier, digestive
exocrine gland
blood depot and hormonal
absorption and neutralization
endo - and exocrine secretion
A

endo - and exocrine secretion

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21
Q

Specify which formations are located behind the head of the pancreas:
right kidney and right adrenal gland
coronary and falciforme ligaments
abdominal aorta, coeliac trunk
inferior vena cava, initial section of the portal vein portal vein

A

inferior vena cava, initial section of the portal vein portal vein

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22
Q

A 70-year-old patient developed jaundice. During the examination, a pancreatic tumor was found. Specify the location of the tumor:
head of the pancreas
tail of the pancreas
right 1⁄2 part of the pancreas
back surface of the pancreas body anterior surface of the pancreas

A

head of the pancreas

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23
Q

The excretory duct of the parotid gland (ductus parotideus) opens:
in the vestibule of the mouth at the level of the first small molar
in the vestibule of the mouth at the level of the canine
in the vestibule of the mouth into the mucous membrane of the upper lip
in the vestibule of the mouth at the level of the second upper large molar
in the vestibule of the mouth at the level of the first lower large molar

A

in the vestibule of the mouth at the level of the second upper large molar

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24
Q

The excretory duct of the submandibular gland (ductus submandibularis) opens:
duct opens a small hole in the caruncula sublingualis, near the frenum of the tongue
duct opens into the vestibulum oris at the level of the first premolar tooth
duct opens a small hole into fungiform papillae, along the edges of tongue
duct opens a large hole on the surface of the mucous membrane along the sublingual fold in the vestibulum oris at the level of upper second molar tooth

A

duct opens a small hole in the caruncula sublingualis, near the frenum of the tongue

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25
Q

The topography of the sublingual salivary glands:
located in the retromandibularis fossa, adjacent to the styloid process and starting from it the stylohyoideus muscle

located in the carotid triangle, the lateral side of the gland adjacent to the facial artery and vein
located in the muscle forming the floor of the mouth and in the thickness of the buccal muscles

located above the mylohyoid muscle, directly under the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth

located in the submandibular triangle, outside of gland covered by superficial lamina of the cervical fascia

A

located above the mylohyoid muscle, directly under the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth

26
Q

Define the peritoneal cavity:
the gap between the parietal and visceral peritoneum

of the abdominal area bounded by the parietal peritoneum

a gap located at the back between the abdominal cavity and the intraperitoneal fascia

this is a cavity lined with fascia endoabdominalis

the gap between the parietal peritoneum and the intraperitoneal fascia

A

the gap between the parietal and visceral peritoneum

27
Q

The upper and lower floors of the abdominal cavity are divided by:
colon transversum, mesocolon transversum
curvatura major, lig. gastrocolicum
pars horizontalis duodeni, flexura duodenojejunalis
greater omentum, lig. gastrocolicum
radix mesenterii, mesenterium

A

colon transversum, mesocolon transversum

28
Q 
Organs are located mesoperitoneal:
colon ascendens et descendens
ventriculus, colon ascendens, ceacum 
hepar, colon descendens, pancreas 
ventriculus, jejunum, ileum 
ventriculus, pars horizontalis duodeni
A

colon ascendens et descendens

29
Q

Organs are located retroperitoneal:
pancreas, ren, aorta, glandula suprarenalis

ventriculus, pars horizontalis duodeni, hepar

pancreas, ren, colon ascendens, ceacum

ren, aorta, ventriculus, hepar, pancreas

glandula suprarenalis, pars horizontalis duodeni, hepar

A

pancreas, ren, aorta, glandula suprarenalis

30
Q

The structure of the lesser omentum includes the following ligaments: lig. gastroduodenum, lig. hepatoduodenum

lig. hepatogastricum, lig.phrenicoesophagealis
lig. gastrocolicum, lig. hepatorenalis
lig. hepatocolicum, lig. hepatoduodenalis
lig. hepatogastricum, lig. hepatoduodenale

A

lig. hepatogastricum, lig. hepatoduodenale

31
Q 
The formation that separates the hepatic and pregastric bursa: lig. hepatorenalis
omentum majus
lig. teres hepatis
lig. Falciforme
lig. hepatoduodenum
A

lig. Falciforme

32
Q 
Bursa omentalis is limited at the top :
lobus caudatus hepatis
lobus quadratus hepatis 
lobus dexter hepatis 
porta hepatis 
lobus inferior hepatis
A

lobus caudatus hepatis

33
Q 
The right and left mesenteric sinuses are separated from each other: mesocolon transversum
plica mesenterica
flexura duodenojejunalis
radix mesenterii
colon transversum
A

radix mesenterii

34
Q

Left mesenteric sinus is formed:
above - mesentery of the transverse colon, on the left- descending colon and the mesentery of the sigmoid colon, on the right- mesentery of small intestine

at the top - duodenum, on the right - appendix, lower left side - descending colon

above - mesentery of the transverse colon, on the right - ascending colon, to the left and below - mesentery of small intestine.

above - mesentery of the transverse colon, on the right- ascending colon, lower- sigmoid colon above - mesentery of the transverse colon, on the right- descending colon, on the left and bottom - ascending colon

A

above - mesentery of the transverse colon, on the left- descending colon and the mesentery of the sigmoid colon, on the right- mesentery of small intestine

35
Q

Splenic recessus is formed:
front – gastrosplenic ligament, behind – phrenicosplenic ligament

front – gastroduodenal ligament, behind – phrenicoesophageal ligament
front – gastrosplenic ligament, behind – transverse splenocolic ligament
front – hepatolienale ligament, behind – phrenosplenic ligament
front – gastrophrenic ligament, behind – phrenosplenic ligament

A

front – gastrophrenic ligament, behind – phrenosplenic ligament

36
Q

Left lateral canal is limited:
On the right- between lateral wall of the abdominal cavity and the ascending colon

On the left- between omentum bursa and the descending and sigmoid colon

On the left- between the back wall of the abdominal cavity and sigmoid colon

On the left- between lateral wall of the abdominal cavity and the descending colon

On the left- between lateral wall of the abdominal cavity and transverse colon

A

On the left- between lateral wall of the abdominal cavity and the descending colon

37
Q

Omental bursa is limited on the back:
parietal peritoneum covering the anterior abdominal wall
visceral peritoneum and lesser omentum
visceral peritoneum and liver, partially diaphragm
parietal peritoneum covering the lateral abdominal wall
parietal peritoneum covering the organs of the retroperitoneal space

A

parietal peritoneum covering the organs of the retroperitoneal space

38
Q

Hepatic bursa is limited :
at the top – limited by the diaphragm, on the medial – falciform ligament of the liver, behind – coronary ligament, bottom – transverse colon and its mesentery

at the top – limited by the diaphragm, on the right- round ligament of the liver, behind – coronary ligaments, bottom – greater omentum

at the top – limited by the diaphragm, on the medial – falciform ligament of the liver, the back – crus of the diaphragm, bottom – the jejunum and its mesentery

at the top – limited by the transverse colon and its mesentery, on the medial- mesentery of jejunum, on the back- back wall, bottom – pelvis minor
above- diaphragm, on the medial-phrenicocolic ligament, behind-spleen, below- transverse colon and its mesentery

A

at the top – limited by the diaphragm, on the medial – falciform ligament of the liver, behind – coronary ligament, bottom – transverse colon and its mesentery

39
Q

Question: Through what anatomical formation can the posterior wall of the stomach be examined, taking into account topographical features?

Through foramen epiploicum, located at the free right edge of the hepatoduodel ligament, through the bursa omentalis

Through foramen gastro-splenic, the gastrosplenic ligament and the mesentery of the stomach, through the pregastric bursa

Dissecting the avascular zone of the white line, the round ligament and mesentery of the sigmoid colon, through the right mesenteric sinus

Dissecting the avascular zone of the lesser omentum, gastrocolic ligament and mesentery of the caecum, through the hepatic bursa

Dissecting the avascular zone of the greater omentum, the gastrophrenic ligament and the mesentery of the descending colon, through the subhepatica bursa

A

Through foramen epiploicum, located at the free right edge of the hepatoduodel ligament, through the bursa omentalis

40
Q

In clinic entered a patient with a knife wound in the right hypochondrium with damage to the liver parenchyma. Given the structure and function of the liver pouch, in which direction can the blood flow?.

The hepatic bursa communicates with the pregastric bursa and the right lateral canal

The hepatic bursa communicates with the bursa omentalis and the left lateral canal

The hepatic bursa communicates with the right mesenteric sinus and the vesico-uterine recess

The hepatic bursa communicates with the retroperitoneal space and the right lateral canal

The hepatic bursa communicates with the left mesenteric sinus and the left lateral canal

A

The hepatic bursa communicates with the pregastric bursa and the right lateral canal

41
Q

During the operation of a patient with cholelithiasis, it became necessary to check the common bile duct. Given the topography of the common bile duct, answer the following questions: Question: In the composition of which derivative of the peritoneum is the common bile duct and explain the syntopy:

Composed of the lig. hepatoduodenale, located from right to left common bile duct, portal vein and hepatic artery propria

Composed of the lig. hepatogastricum, located from right to left portal vein, common bile duct and common hepatic artery

Composed of the lig. hepatorenale, located from right to left portal vein, common bile duct and common hepatic artery

Composed of the lig. hepatoduodenale, located from right to left portal vein, common bile duct and hepatic artery propria

Composed of the lig. hepatogastricum, located from right to left hepatic artery propria, portal vein and common bile duct

A

Composed of the lig. hepatoduodenale, located from right to left common bile duct, portal vein and hepatic artery propria

42
Q 
The upper and lower floors of the abdominal cavity are divided by: 
lig. gastrocolicum
mesentery of small intestine
mesentery of sigmoid colon
mesentery of colon transversum
greater omentum
A

mesentery of colon transversum

43
Q 
One of the principles of abdominal surgery is to operate on the organ removed from the wound. Determine the organs that can be removed to the laparotomic incision of the anterior abdominal wall without additional mobilization:
jejunum and ileum
stomach
duodenum
ascending colon
descending colon
A

jejunum and ileum

44
Q

Specify which formations are separated by the lig. falciforme of the liver:
prehepatic fissure and prehepatic bursa
subhepatic slit and omentum burs
left and right mesenteric sinus middle and lower floors
right and left subdiaphragmal spaces

A

right and left subdiaphragmal spaces

45
Q 
Specify which formation is not connect with the right side canal of the abdominal cavity: liver bursa
right mesenteric sinus
subhepatic space
pelvic cavity
cavity of omentum bursa
A

right mesenteric sinus

46
Q

Specify which formation does not touch to the gallbladder:
head of the pancreas
liver
pyloric part of the stomach
hepatic flexure of the transverse colon spleen

A

head of the pancreas

47
Q

Specify the location of the intraabdominal hernia:
in the area of the hepatic flexure of the colon
in the area of the ileocecal angle
in the area of the splenic flexure of the colon
in front of the mesentery of the sigmoid colon
at the root of the mesentery of the ileum

A

in front of the mesentery of the sigmoid colon

48
Q

Specify what is the basis for dividing the liver into segments:
formation of bile ducts
branching of the left and right hepatic arteries
formation of hepatic veins
formation of lymphatic vessels
branching of the portal vein

A

branching of the portal vein

49
Q

Specify the point of projection of the bottom of the gallbladder on the anterior abdominal wall:
intersection of the right axillary line and the costal arch
intersection of the right midclavicular line with the edge arch
between the right and middle thirds of the horizontal line connecting the lower ends of X ribs intersection of the left axillary line and the costal arch

A

intersection of the right axillary line and the costal arch

50
Q 
Determine a more frequent variant of the relationship between the end sections of the common bile and pancreatic ducts:
both canals open independently
both ducts form a common opening
both canals open horizontally parallel
both ducts form a common ampoule
both canals open at a distance 1 cm
A

both ducts form a common ampoule

51
Q

Specify the location of the papillae foliatae on tongue:
at the edges of the tongue
From anterior to the sulcus terminalis and foramen caecum at the top of the tongue
on the dorsum of the tongue
all over the surface

A

at the edges of the tongue

52
Q

Specify the muscles that pull the tongue forward and down:

m. geniohyoideus
m. hyoglossus
m. styloglossus
m. glossopalatinus
m. palatopharyngeal

A

m. geniohyoideus

53
Q 
Specify the anatomical formation that is attached to the esophagus in front:
trachea
aorta
thoracic lymphatic duct 
v. hemiazygos
v. azygos
A

trachea

54
Q 
Specify what are the largest folds in the area of small curvature of the stomach:
longitudinal folds
oblique folds 
transverse folds 
ring-shaped folds 
arched folds
A

longitudinal folds

55
Q

Specify the ligament that originates from the large curvature of the stomach: lig.hepatogastricum

lig. gastrolienale
lig. hepatorenale
lig. phrenicolienale
lig. gastrocolicum

A

lig.gastrocolicum

56
Q

Specify the path of pus spreading from the pharyngeal space:
to the posterior mediastinal region
to the anterior mediastinal region
to the fauces region
into the pharyngeal cavity
between the mucous and submucosal membranes of the pharynx

A

to the posterior mediastinal region

57
Q 
Specify the number of liver lobes: 
8
2
4
5 
7
A

2

58
Q 
Specify which groups the tonguage muscles are divided into:
proper and skeletal
Anterior and posterior
upper and lower
longitudinal and oblique
supra-lingual and post-lingual
A

proper and skeletal

59
Q 
Specify how the nasal part of the pharynx is separated from the others of its parts during the act of swallowing:
palatum molle
palatal arches
root of the tongue 
fascia pharyngobasilaris
tonsilla palatine
A

palatum molle

60
Q 
Specify which part of the stomach has the most developed circular layer of muscle: 
body
fundus
lesser curvature
cardiac part
pyloric part
A

pyloric part

Anatomy 2 (4 decks)

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