3.1 + 4.1

Question 1

chemical elements that make up carbohydrates

Answer 1

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 2

chemical elements that make up fats (lipids)

Answer 2

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 3

chemical elements that make up proteins

Answer 3

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

Question 4

large molecules are made from smaller molecules. from…glucose, amino acids, fatty acids and glycerol

Answer 4

glucose: starch and glycogen
amino acids: proteins
fatty acids and glycerol: fats and oils

Question 5

iodine solution to test for starch?
Benedict’s solution to test for reducing sugars?
biuret test for proteins?
ethanol emulsion test for fats and oils?

Answer 5

iodine (from orange/brown): Yes, then it turns black/dark blue
benedict (from blue): Yes, green color, yellow color, orange-red color
buiret test (blue): Yes, blue ring orig., shaken then lilac
ethanol (and water): yes, cloudy white precipitate (emulsion)

Question 6

why is water an important solvent?

Answer 6

because many substances are able to dissolve in it (it is a solvent). the substances can then be transported around the organisms. also, it takes toxins out of our body.

Question 7

what are enzymes?

Answer 7

enzymes are proteins and catalysts that control metabolic reactions and because they work in living cells they are called biological catalysts.