3.1 & 3.4 Ecosystem and Energy in Ecosystem

Question 1

What is an ecosystem ?

Answer 1

an ecosystem consists of all the organisms (the community) living in a particular habitat and the non-living components with which the organisms interact.

Question 2

What is a biodiversity ?

Answer 2

biodiversity is the existence of a wide variety of plant and animal species living in their natural environment.

Question 3

What is a species ?

Answer 3

a species is a group of organisms which can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.

Question 4

What is a population ?

Answer 4

population is a group of living organisms of the one species e.g the population of rabbits or the population of dandelions found in a particular area.

Question 5

Give the definition of habitat ?

Answer 5

The place where an organism lives

Question 6

Give the definition of community ?

Answer 6

all the living organisms in an ecosystem

Question 7

Describe producers

Answer 7

Make their own food (e.g a green plant) by carrying out photosynthesis.
For e.g grasses, shrubs

Question 8

Describe consumers

Answer 8

Feed on other organisms, they can be:

herbivores

Question 9

What is a food chain ?

Answer 9

Diagram that shows the feeding relationships between different living things in a particular environment

Question 10

What shows indicate the direction of energy flow?

Answer 10

Arrows

Question 11

Give examples of primary consumers

Answer 11

mouse
squirrel
rabbit
caterpillar

Question 12

Give examples of secondary consumers

Answer 12

hawk
fox
weasel
thrush

Question 13

Describe energy loss

Answer 13

Energy is lost at each link in the food chain, only 10% of the energy is passed on at each transfer and 90% is lost.

• energy is converted to heat
• some energy is used for movement
• some energy remains is undigested material e.g bones