30 marker - Settlement

Question 1

what were the key groups involved in the settlement process

Answer 1

• Presbyterian scots
• the army
• Presbyterian parliament
• Independent parliament

Question 2

scots agenda

Answer 2

unhappy with Parliaments failure to impose Presbyterian church - breached Solemn League

Question 3

Pres Parliament agenda

Answer 3

majority
wants Pres Church to be imposed
disband the army

Question 4

Indie Parliament agenda

Answer 4

minority
growing influence
wanted sectarianism - freedom of worship

Question 5

Army agenda

Answer 5

under authority of parliament
independent
wanted arrears - wont disband
wanted indemnity

Question 6

why was a settlement difficult to reach

Answer 6

Charles was unwilling to come to an agreement and cede power to anyone else. Aimed to pit the other groups against one another.

Question 7

how could Charles be referred to as during this period

Answer 7

the immovable object

Question 8

how long did the period last

Answer 8

1646-1649

Question 9

What were the key agreements/ documents / manifestos

Answer 9

the Newcastle propositions
Heads of Proposals
the Representation
the Engagement

Question 10

How was Parliament split

Answer 10

Presbyterian
Independent

Question 11

How was the army split

Answer 11

Officers
Rank and File

Question 12

How else might the Officers be referred to

Answer 12

Grandees

Question 13

How else might the Rank and File be referred to

Answer 13

Agitators / Levellers

Question 14

When and where were the Newcastle Propositions

Answer 14

1646 - Newcastle - Charles was in Edinburgh

Question 15

What were the terms of the Newcastle Propositions

Answer 15

• Presbyterian Church
• Abolish Episcopacy
• Parliament control army - 20 years - direct war in Ireland
• Anti-Catholic laws
• Cavaliers punished

Question 16

What were the aims of the Newcastle Propositions

Answer 16

if terms met = Charles re-established as monarch

Question 17

What was Charles’ reaction to the Newcastle Propositions

Answer 17

Evaded - no response

Question 18

Why was Charles evasive (NP)

Answer 18

• wife - foreign aid
• No episcopacy undermines power

Question 19

Who pressured Charles (NP)

Answer 19

Scots - used committee of Estates

Question 20

When did Charles respond to the NP - how late

Answer 20

1647 - 11 months

Question 21

why did Charles accept NP 11 months later

Answer 21

to appease Presbyterians and Scots - Bargaining chip
- four bills

Question 22

why were the 4 bills scrapped

Answer 22

• Engagement = Vote of no Addresses (1648)

Question 23

When were the Heads of Proposals - who proposed

Answer 23

1647
Fairfax / Ireton

Question 24

What were the Heads of Proposals

Answer 24

king kidnapped
army want a say

Question 25

terms of the Heads of Proposals

Answer 25

• Episcopacy remain - no civil authority
• Repeal Covenant / church reform
• current Parliament dissolve - called every 2 years
• council of state for FP
• Act of Indemnity

Question 26

What was Charles’ reaction HP

Answer 26

outright rejected

Question 27

what happened during Charles’ rejection of HP

Answer 27

Agitators in the army disrupted
- representation
- 11 members
- Putney Debates (1647)

Question 28

when / what was the representation

Answer 28

1647
- agitators influenced by Levellers called for biennial elections and universal (male) suffrage and freedom of faith

Question 29

when / what was the 11 members

Answer 29

army forces out 11 Prominent Presbyterian MPs that they believe are slowing down the settlement process

Question 30

when / what was the Putney debates

Answer 30

Grandees vs Agitators debated suffrage faith and how a real settlement should be achieved

Question 31

Putney Debate key figure

Answer 31

Rainsborough

Question 32

RECAP MID POINT what happened so far (up to Heads of Proposals)

Answer 32

Charles in Captivity of Scots
NP
Charles abducted by divided army
HP
Charles escaped then held in Isle of Wight by army

Question 33

When was the Engagement

Answer 33

December 1647

Question 34

Terms of the Engagement

Answer 34

Pres Church 3 years
Confirm Solemn League
supress independents
Scottish Acts post 1644 ratified

Question 35

What Charles wanted from E

Answer 35

Scottish military intervention, making him return to his throne

Question 36

2nd Civil War Summary

Answer 36

• Poorly led engager army crushed by Cromwell at Preston
• Charles in the Hands of the army
• Treaty of Sterling