30 Amino acids, proteins and DNA Flashcards
properties of amino acids
Amino acids have both acidic and basic properties, including the formation of zwitterions
what are proteins
Proteins are sequences of amino acids joined by peptide links.
enzymes
hydrogen bonding
h
chromatogram and amino acid
Amino acids can be located on a chromatogram using developing agents such as ninhydrin or ultraviolet light and identi ed by their Rf values
Amino acids can be separated and identi ed by thin-layer chromatography.
pepte tide link
Hydrolysis of the peptide link produces the constituent amino acids.
enzyme catalysts
The action of enzymes as catalysts, including the concept of a stereospeci c active site that binds to a substrate molecule.
what does an enzyme do?
The principle of a drug acting as an enzyme inhibitor by blocking the active site
deoxyribonucleic acid
A single strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a polymer of nucleotides linked by covalent bonds between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the 2-deoxyribose of another nucleotide. This results in a sugar-phosphate- sugar-phosphate polymer chain with bases attached to the sugars in the chain.
nucleotide
A nucleotide is made up from a phosphate ion bonded to 2-deoxyribose which is in turn bonded to one of the four bases adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine
DNA
exists as two complementary strands arranged in the form of a double helix
cisplatin
The Pt(II) complex cisplatin is used as an anticancer drug.
Cisplatin prevents DNA replication in cancer cells by a ligand replacement reaction with DNA in which a bond is formed between platinum and a nitrogen atom on guanine
amino acids
building blocks of proteins
amino acid and functional groups
2 functional groups
- carboxylic acid
- primary amine
zwitterions
ions have a permanent positive charge and permanent negative charge
