30-3-402:would Rather, as, past Modals, Verbs Of The Senses,passive

Question 1

Would rather

Answer 1

ترجیح دادن

⭕️men would rather keep quite and avoid talking about any topics that may cause argument
⭕️ would you rather take an English class in New York or London?
⭕️what would you rather to eat for lunch?
⭕️listen, I’d rather talk about this tomorrow when we’ve both calmed down
⭕️I’d rather you didn’t smoke in here, if you don’t mind
* Would rather + person + simple past
To talk about what we would prefer another person to do

Question 2

As

Answer 2

Us in many different ways:
1) to describe sb or sth’s job or function:
⭕️she works as a nurse
⭕️you can use that box as a chair
2)to compare people or things:
⭕️she is as tall as me now
3)to talk about how sth appears, sounds, feels, etc:
⭕️It looks as if it’s going to snow
⭕️you sound as if you have a bad cold
4)to say that sth happened while sth else was happening:
⭕️As they were leaving, the mailman arrived(as= when/at the same time/while)
⭕️His hair got prayer as he got older

Question 3

Past models:
Must/might/ may/could/should/ought to + have + PP

Answer 3

قوی ترین modalها
(sure that sth happened or was true):
1)have to
باید خارجی: بایدی که از طرف جامعه تعیین میشه
⭕️ I have to wear uniform at work
2)must
باید داخلی: بایدی که از طرف خودمون تعیین میشه
⭕️ I must buy a new Tshirt
⭕️ I must have left my phone at Anna’s.
🌱must not have وجود نداره و برای منفی کردن must have باید از could not have استفاده کنیم
I could not have left my phone at Anna’s.
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ضعیف ترین modalها
(it’s possible that sth happened or was true):
1)may
2)might
⭕️I called to my friend but she didn’t answer. She might/may be on her way
احتمال ۳۰٪ توی راهه
⭕️ Somebody might have stolen your wallet when you were getting off the train
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برای بیان احتمالpossibilty:
1)can
2)could
⭕️she couldn’t have gone to bed. It’s only ten o ‘clock!
اون نمیتونست خوابیده باشه. ساعت فقط ۱۰ هستش
🌱canنمیتونه گذشته بشه
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Should have
1)to say advise
⭕️We’re going the wrong way. We shouldn’t have turned left at the traffic light.
2)to express regret or criticism
⭕️I should have told him before he died.
کاش قبل اینکه بمیره بهش گفته بودم
🌱ought to
Use it as an alternative to should have but should have is more common especially in speaking.
⭕️I ought to have told you earlier.

Question 4

Verbs of the senses:
Look,feel, smell, sound,taste

Answer 4

1) look, feel, etc + adj :
چه حسی به ما میده
⭕️You look tired
⭕️That cake smells good

2)look, feel, etc + like + noun:
فلان چیز مثل یچیزیه
⭕️Tim looks like his father
⭕️Are you sure this us coffee? It tastes like teas

3) look, feel, etc + as if + clause:
یچیزی انگار که یچیزی
⭕️She looks as if she is been crying
⭕️It smells as if something’s burning
⭕️It sounds as if it’s raining
🌱use like/as though instead of as if:
⭕️It sounds like/as though it’s raining.
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Feel like + noun/gorund
Used as a verb meaning “want”/”would like”
⭕️I feel like pasta for lunch today(I’d like pasta for lunch today)
⭕️I don’t feel like going to bed( I don’t want to go to bed)

Question 5

The passive:
Axiloarry فعل + be/being/been + فعلpp

Answer 5

توی سه تا موقعیت استفاده میشه ازش:
۱) زمانی که نمیدونیم کننده کار کی بوده
۲) زمانی که نمیخوایم بگیم کننده کار کی بوده
۳) زمانی که اصلا مهم نیست کی اون کار رو کرده
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Simple present:
⭕️murderers are usually sentenced to life imprisonment
Present continuous:
⭕️The trial is being held right now
Present perfect:
⭕️My car has been stolen
Simple past:
⭕️Jim was arrested last mounth
Past continuous:
⭕️The theater was being rebuilt when it was set on fire
Past perfect:
⭕️We saw that one of the windows had been broken.
Future:
⭕️The prisoner will be released next mounth
⭕️The verdict is going to be given tomorrow
Infinitive:
⭕️People used to be imprisoned for stealing bread
Base form:
⭕️You can be fined for parking at a bus stop
Ground:
⭕️He paid a fine to avoid being sent to jail
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Passive verbs for news reports on Tv
🌱Know,tell,understand,report,expect ,say,think,believe + that + clause
🌱
He/The man/etc + is said/believed/etc + infinitive( to be) or perfect infinitive(to have been)

⭕️It is said that the fire was started deliberately
= The say the fire was started deliberately
⭕️It is though that the mayor will resign
=people think that the mayor will resign
⭕️The man is said to be in his 40s.
=People say the man is in his 40s.
⭕️He is believed to have left the country
= The police believe he has left the country