3-Virology Flashcards
All viruses are haploid EXCEPT
Retroviruses
All DNA viruses have double-stranded DNA EXCEPT
Parvovirus
All RNA viruses have single-stranded RNA EXCEPT
Reoviruses
All double-stranded DNA viruses are icosahedral EXCEPT
Poxvirus
Father of vaccination
Edward Jenner
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (cognitive or cerebellar?)
Cognitive
Kuru (cognitive or cerebellar?)
Cerebellar
Erythema infectiosum
Parvovirus B19
Aplastic anemia in children with sickle cell
Parvovirus B19
MCC of viral conjunctivitis
Adenovirus
How many adenovirus serotypes?
41
Koilochtes
HPV
Gene involve in the suppression of tumor suppressor genes in HPV
E6, E7
Condylomata acuminata
HPV
Tzank smear
HSV
What do you see in Tzank smear?
Multinucleated giant cells
HSV on brain biopsy
Cowdry type A
Temporal lobe encephalitis
HSV-1
Thalamic encephalitis
Japanese B encephalitis
Centrifugal rash 2 weeks postrespiratory infection
VZV
Dewdrop on a rose appearance
VZV
Site of latency in VZV
Dorsal root ganglion
Reactivated VZV
Shingles
MCC of congenital abnormalities
CMV
Heterophil-negative mononucleosis
CMV, toxoplasmosis gondii
DOC of HSV
Acyclovir
Rare complication: splenic rupture
EBV
Kissing disease
EBV
Burkitt’s lymphoma in Africans
EBV
Hairy cell leukoplakia in HIV
EBV
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Chinese
EBV
Heterophil-positive mononucleosis
EBV
DOC of Hepatitis B
Lamivudine
Dane particles
Hepatitis B
Necrotic hepatocytes in Hepatitis B
Councilman Bodies
Necrotic hepatocytes in alcoholic hepatitis
Mallory bodies
Blueberry muffin appearance
Congenital rubella, CMV, disseminated neuroblastoma
Roseola infantum AKA
Exanthem sobitum
Marker of Hepatitis B infection
HBsAg
Marker of infectivity in Hepatitis B
HBeAg
Marker of active viral replication in Hepatitis B
HBeAg
Marker for seroconversion in Hepatitis B
Anti-HBsAg
The only marker during the “window” period in Hepatitis B
Anti-HBcAg
Replicates in the motor neuron in the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord
Poliovirus
MCC in viral myocarditis and pericarditis
Coxsackie type B
Herpangina, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
Coxsackie type A
MCC of viral meningitis
Coxsackie virus
High mortaility in pregnant women
Hepatitis E virus
MCC of nonbacterial diarrhea in adults
Norwalk virus
Norwalk virus AKA
Norovirus
MCC of childhood diarrhea
Rotavirus
Capable of undergoing antigenic shifts and drifts
Influenza virus
Latest strain of influenza virus
H7N9
Warthin-Finkeldy bodies
Measles
Rubeola
Measles
Koplik spots
Measles
SSPE
Measles
Damson’s disease
Measles
Tender swelling of the parotid glands
Parotitis
Causes parotitis
Mumps
Complications of mumps
Orchitis, meningitis
MCC of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants
RSV
DOC of Actinomycosis
Penicillin
DOC of Nocardia
Sulfa drugs
Laryngotracheobronchitis
Parainfluenza virus
Steeple sign
Laryngotracheobronchitis
DOC for Laryngotracheobronchitis
Racemic epinephrine
Negri bodies
Rabies virus
Fatality in rabies when encephalitis develops is secondary to?
Early brainstem dysfunction
SARS
Coronavirus
Horseshoe bats
SARS; coronavirus
Virus binds to ACE-2 receptor
Coronavirus
CXR finding in SARS
“Ground-glass” appearance
Vector for dengue fever
Aedes aegypti
Gold standard test for DF
Dengue RTPCR test
Breakbone fever
Dengue fever
Herman’s rash
Dengue fever
Most prevalent blood-borne pathogen
Hepatitis C virus
Main cause of essential mixed cryoglobulinemia
Hepatitis C virus
“3 day” measles
German measles
German measles
Rubella
Measles with Posterior auricular LAD
Rubella
Congenital rubella syndrome
PDA, congenital cataracts, sensorineural deafness, mental retardation
(HIV) gag
p24, p7, p17
(HIV) nucleocapsid
p24, p7
(HIV) matrix
p17
(HIV) pol
Reverse transcriptase, protease, integrase
(HIV) transcribes RNA genome into DNA
Reverse transcriptase
(HIV) cleaves precursor polypeptides
Protease
(HIV) integrates viral DNA into host cell DNA
Integrase
(HIV) env
gp120, gp41
(HIV) attachment to CD4 protein
gp120
(HIV) antigenicity changes rapidly
gp120
(HIV) fusion with host cell
gp41
(HIV) activation of transcription of viral genes
tat
(HIV) transport of late mRNAs to cytoplasm
rev
(HIV) decreases CD4 and class I MHC proteins (MUST KNOW!!!)
nef
(HIV) enhances virion release
vpu
(HIV) enhances hypermutation
vif
(HIV) transport in nondividing cells
vpr
HIV acquired through sexual intercourse, blood, or perinatally
Phase 0-Infection
Rapid viral replication but HIV test negative
Phase 1-Window period
Peak of viral load, positive HIV test, mild flu-like illness, lasting for 1-2 weeks
Phase 2-Seroconversion
Asymptomatic, CD4 goes down, lasts for 1-15 years
Phase 3-Latent period
CD4 500-200, lasts for 5 years, mild mucocutaneous, dermatologic and hematologic illnesses
Phase 4-Early symptomatic
CD4 less than 200, lasts 2 years, AIDS defining illnesses develop
Phase 5-AIDS
CD4 less than 500
M. tuberculosis, HSV, C. albicans, HHV-8
CD4 less than 200
P. jiroveci, T. gondii, C. neoformans, C. immitis, C. parvum
CD4 less than 50
M. avium, H. capsulatum, CMV
MCC of death in HIV
Disseminated tuberculosis
MCC of blindness in HIV
CMV retinitis
