3. Secondary anemia: causes, pathogenesis, clinical and biochemical signs, diagnosis, treatment.

Question 1

how can we diffrentuate anemia of acute and chronic inflammtion from mild to moderate iron deficiny anemia

Answer 1

inflamtion 
serum iron = low 
total iron binding capacity / inderct trasferrin = normal or low 
transferrin saturation =low 
serum ferritin = normal or high 
plasma transferrin receptor = high 

anemia of chronic disease mostly normchormic and normocytic (only 30 percent hypochromic and microcytic)

mild aniso and poikilocytosis
normal reticulocyte count

iron def 
serum iron = low 
TIBC = high 
transferrin stauration = low 
serum ferritin = low 
plasma transferrin receptor - increased

reticulocyte count = low for anemia

Question 2

what are the chronic diseases which can cause iron def microcytic anemia ?

Answer 2

rheumatic arthritis, 
SLE , 
ulcerative collitis ,
 chrons disease 
polyartheritis nodosa 

malignancy

tuberculosis

Question 3

what is the pathogenesis of anemia in chronic disease ?

Answer 3

impairment of iron utilisation

inhibitor or erythropoesisi

blunted response to erytroportin

reduced RBC survival

iron sequestration and microbicidal strategy