3 QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND QUALITY CONTROL IN THE CLINICAL LABORATORY Flashcards
The abbreviation TJC stands for an organization that:
a. Accredits hospitals and inspects clinical laboratories
b. Accredits physician laboratories
c. Determines waived and nonwaived categories of assays
d. Accredits only hospital laboratories
a. Accredits hospitals and inspects clinical laboratories
The abbreviation CAP stands for an organization that:
a. Accredits hospitals and inspects clinical laboratories
b. Accredits physician laboratories
c. Determines waived and nonwaived categories of assays
d. Accredits only hospital laboratories
d. Accredits only hospital laboratories
The abbreviation COLA stands for an organization that:
a. Accredits hospitals and inspects clinical laboratories
b. Accredits physician laboratories
c. Determines waived and nonwaived categories of assays
d. Accredits only hospital laboratories
b. Accredits physician laboratories
The abbreviation CLIA stands for an organization that:
a. Accredits hospitals and inspects clinical laboratories
b. Accredits physician laboratories
c. Determines waived and nonwaived categories of assays
d. Accredits only hospital laboratories
c. Determines waived and nonwaived categories of assays
An example of a preanalytical (preexamination) error is:
a. Malfunction of a microprocessor that affects accuracy in testing
b. Incorrect identification of a patient
c. Transposition of a numeric critical value in transmitting a report
d. Verbally reporting a laboratory result over the telephone
b. Incorrect identification of a patient
An example of an analytical (examination) error is:
a. Malfunction of a microprocessor that affects accuracy in testing
b. Incorrect patient identification
c. Transposition of a numeric critical value in transmitting a report
d. Use of the wrong anticoagulant in the patient sample tube
a. Malfunction of a microprocessor that affects accuracy in testing
An example of a postanalytical (postexamination)
error is:
a. Malfunction of a microprocessor that affects accuracy in testing
b. Incorrect patient identification
c. Transposition of a numeric critical value in transmitting a report
d. Use of the wrong anticoagulant in the patient sample tube
c. Transposition of a numeric critical value in transmitting a report
Blood from the wrong patient is an example of a/an:
a. Preanalytical (preexamination) error
b. Analytical (examination) error
c. Postanalytical (postexamination) error
d. Either a or b
a. Preanalytical (preexamination) error
Specimen collected in the wrong tube is an example of a/
an:
a. Preanalytical (preexamination) error
b. Analytical (examination) error
c. Postanalytical (postexamination) error
d. Either a or b
a. Preanalytical (preexamination) error
Quality control outside of acceptable limits is an example of a/an:
a. Preanalytical (preexamination) error
b. Analytical (examination) error
c. Postanalytical (postexamination) error
d. Either a or c
b. Analytical (examination) error
Accuracy is defined as:
a. How close results are to one another
b. How close a test result is to the true value
c. Specimen that is similar to patient’s blood; known
concentration of constituent
d. Comparison of an instrument measure or reading to a known physical constant
b. How close a test result is to the true value
Calibration is defined as:
a. How close results are to one another
b. How close a test result is to the true value
c. Specimen that is similar to patient’s blood; known
concentration of constituent
d. Comparison of an instrument measure or reading to a known physical constant
d. Comparison of an instrument measure or reading to a known physical constant
A control is defined as:
a. How close a test result is to the true value
b. Specimen that is similar to patient’s blood; known concentration of constituent
c. Comparison of an instrument measure or reading to a known physical constant
d. Measurement of a highly purified substance of known
composition
b. Specimen that is similar to patient’s blood; known concentration of constituent
Precision is defined as:
a. How close results are to one another
b. How close a test result is to the true value
c. Comparison of an instrument measure or reading to a known physical constant
d. Measurement of a highly purified substance of known
composition
a. How close results are to one another
Standards are defined as:
a. How close a test result is to the true value
b. Specimens that are similar to patient’s blood; known concentration of constituent
c. Comparison of an instrument measure or reading to a known physical constant
d. Highly purified substances of known composition
d. Highly purified substances of known composition
Sensitivity is:
a. Cases with a specific disease or condition that produce a positive result
b. Cases without a specific disease or condition that produce a negative result
c. Cases with a specific disease or condition that produce a negative result
d. Cases without a specific disease or condition that
produce a positive result
a. Cases with a specific disease or condition that produce a positive result
Specificity is:
a. Cases with a specific disease or condition that produce a positive result
b. Cases without a specific disease or condition that produce a negative result
c. Cases with a specific disease or condition that produce a negative result
d. Cases without a specific disease or condition that produce a positive result
d. Cases without a specific disease or condition that produce a positive result
The mean is:
a. Another term for the average
b. Most frequently occurring number in a group of values
c. Number that is midway between the highest and lowest values
d. A representation of a true analyte value
a. Another term for the average
The median is:
a. Another term for the average
b. Most frequently occurring number in a group of values
c. Number that is midway between the highest and lowest values
d. A representation of a true analyte value
c. Number that is midway between the highest and lowest values
The mode is:
a. Another term for the average
b. Most frequently occurring number in a group of values
c. Number that is midway between the highest and lowest values
d. A representation of a true analytic value
b. Most frequently occurring number in a group of values
The standard deviation is:
a. Equal to SD divided by the mean
b. Measure of variability
c. The same as the mean value
d. An exact measurement of an analytic value
b. Measure of variability
The coefficient of variation is:
a. Equal to SD divided by the mean
b. Measure of variability
c. The same as the mean value
d. An exact measurement of an analytic value
a. Equal to SD divided by the mean
Levey-Jennings plots:
a. Show values on a chart
b. Have three warning rules
c. Have three mandatory rules
d. All the above
a. Show values on a chart
Macy works within the Chemistry department in her first job out of a Medical Laboratory Science program. Today has been a typically busy day for her as she loads samples into instruments and checks results. Macy loaded two levels of quality control (QC) materials prior to a large run of patients and on checking the results for the QC, she noticed that one of the levels was outside the range that had been
established.
What is Macy’s next step?
a. Testing should be suspended until the issue is resolved.
b. This depends on how far “out” the QC level is.
c. There are a number of stat tests in the run, and she should report them “out.”
d. She should repeat running the QC level that is out until it falls within range.
b. This depends on how far “out” the QC level is.
Macy works within the Chemistry department in her first job out of a Medical Laboratory Science program. Today has been a typically busy day for her as she loads samples into instruments and checks results. Macy loaded two levels of quality control (QC) materials prior to a large run of patients and on checking the results for the QC, she noticed that one of the levels was outside the range that had been established.
As part of Macy’s investigation into the QC issue, she notices that a scheduled preventive maintenance (PM) activity was not performed yesterday. Macy completes the PM and then recalibrates the test that is having QC issues. After recalibration, the QC level is now in range. Macy documents the missed PM and her resolution within the binder kept with that machine.
Are Macy’s actions considered part of a quantitative QC
program?
a. No; a quantitative QC program involves the use of only two levels of control material for each day of testing.
b. Yes; a quantitative QC program encompasses both equipment and reagents.
c. No; the most important aspect of a quantitative QC program is the assurance of reliability.
d. Yes; calibration is the most important part of a quantitative QC program.
b. Yes; a quantitative QC program encompasses both equipment and reagents.
