3 Piaget vs Viagotsky Flashcards
What were the four characteristics of piagets theory?
- Constructionist (believed kids are ‘little scientist’ who conduct experiments to find out about the world around them. Don’t need incentives to do this, they want to understand)
- Stage theory
- Invariant sequence
- Universal
What was Piagets theory on nature and nurture in child development?
Nurture is the care given by caregivers and child’s experiences.
Nature is child’s ability to act, perceive, learn from experiences and motivation to adapt (respond to environment in a way that meets ones goals) and to organise (integrating observations into coherent knowledge).
Part of a child’s nature is to respond tot their nurture judging from the last two.
Sources of continuity in Piagets theory of child development?
- assimilation
- accommodation
- equilibration
What is assimilation?
Incorporating incoming information into concepts that are already understood
(e.g. curly hair = clown)
What is accommodation?
Adapting current understandings in response to new information/experiences
(not a clown coz not in a costume or doing silly things)
What is equilibration?
Balancing assimilation and accommodation to create stable understanding
(aligning concept of clown with new information)
What are the three stages of equilibriation?
Equilibrium: child is happy with their understanding of a construct
Disequilibrium: New information leads the child to realise their understanding is inadequate
-Finally the child develops a more sophisticated understanding and a more stable equilibrium
What are the sources of discontinuity in Piagets theory?
-His belief that children’s cognitive development happens in 4 discrete stages
What are the characteristics of the source of discontinuity in Piagets theory?
Qualitative changes:
-e.g. children assess morality based on outcome, but then move onto intent - measuring totally different criteria
Broad applicability:
-type of thinking at a particular stage can be applied across aw wide range of topics and contexts
Brief transitions
-between each stage where both types of thinking are flicked between
Invariant sequence:
-everyone experiences every stage in the same order
What are Piagets 4 stages of cognitive development?
- Sensorimotor stage
- Preoperational stage
- Concrete Operational stage
- Formal operational stage
What age range is the sensorimotor stage?
0-2
What age range is the preoperational stage?
2-7
What age range is the concrete operational stage?
7-12
What age range is the functional operational stage?
+12
What happens in the Sensorimotor stage of development?
0-2 yrs
kiddies use SM abilities to explore world, develop intelligence and express themselves. Live mostly in the here and now
What happens in the preoperational stage of development?
2-7 yrs
kiddies can express themselves verbally and are capable of mental imagery. this means they can have a better understanding of sophisticated concepts but still can’t perform mental operations (forms of reasoning - e.g. that pouring water into a different shaped glass doesn’t change the volume)
What happens in the concrete operational stage of development?
7-12
- children can complete conservation problems
- can’t yet think/reason systematically
- limited to concrete concepts
What happens in the concrete functional stage of development?
+12
-children can think and reason systematically and hypothetically and about abstract concepts