10 Emotional and moral develpoment Flashcards
What is a conscience
an internal regulatory mechanism that increases the individuals ability to conform with standards of conduct accepted in his or her own society
When does the conscience develop? what does it do?
- slowly over time
- 2 year show guilt when they’ve done something wrong
- improves compliance with adults rules and standards
- reigns in anti social behaviour
- can help the child engage in pro social behaviour because they feel guilty about not helping others
Where does a child’s conscience stem from?
primarily reflects the internalised parental standards
When are children more likely to adopt their parents moral values?
- When they are given explanations rather than harsh disciplines for wrong doings
- when they are securely attached
How do fearful children best learn conscience?
- through gentle discipline and rationalisation from the mother
- when given non material incentives to do things
- if the mother disciplines harshly they will tune out and not take on board what she is saying because they are apprehensive and anxious
- discipline arouses fearful children just enough to make them listen
How do fearless children learn best?
- mothers explaining everything to them
- don’t learn from gentle discipline
- aim to please their mothers rather than doing things coz they fear them
- more likely to internalize parental standards when securely attached
What has a huge influence on moral development?
Parental-child disciplinary interactions
-early development of a conscience/guilt is indicative of future moral development and can predict whether or not children will engage in hurtful or problematic behaviour in future.
What is pro social behaviour
helpful behaviour intended to benefit others
Why do children engage in pro social behaviour?
- avoid conflict
- get a reward
- social approval
Why do adults want children to engage in pro social behaviour
- altruistic motives
- empathy and sympathy
- later as a desire to act in ways that are consistent with their conscience and moral principles
Where does altruistic prosocial behaviour come from?
empathy and sympathy
Development of altruistic prosocial behaviour: 1
-infants react to other distress and may not be able to distinguish it from their own
Development of altruistic prosocial behaviour: 2
-around age 2 infants react to others distress still in an egocentric way but are able to distinguish it form their own
Development of altruistic prosocial behaviour: 3
-2-3 infants prosocial behaviour frequency increases but is still not regular
Development of altruistic prosocial behaviour: 4
-pro social behaviours increase into adolescence