3. Nutrition Flashcards
bacteria need elements to survive, what are these?
CHNOPS: carbon hydrogen nitrogen oxygen phosphate sulphate
what % weight do CHNOPS make up in prokaryotes
96%
bacteria also require some trace elements. give 3 examples?
copper, magnesium, zinc
what are trace elements used for
help enzymes work and act as cofactors
what other factors are required for growth
appropriate temperature, pH, salinity
electron donor
energy source
what is an autotroph
one that fixes inorganic carbon
what is a heterotroph
one that assimilates their own carbon using simple and complex sugars
name the bacteria that fix gaseous nitrogen
some cyanobacteria
actinomycetes
name the bacteria that are autotrophs (fix inorganic carbon)
cyanobacteria
green & purple sulphur bacteria
how is nitrogen acquired
fixed through ammonium or ammonia nitrate
fix gaseous nitrogen
what products are essential for bacteria function
go into the cell
- inorganic nutrients
- carbon source
- electron donor (reduced)
- electron acceptor (oxidised)
- energy source
where do phototrophs source their energy
light
where do chemotrophs source their energy
chemical reactions
what is an organotroph
source their electrons from organic matter
what is a lithotroph
source their electrons from inorganic compounds
what is a guild
a community of metabolically related microorganisms
which guilds live in anaerobic habitats
E, F & G
which guilds can live in both aerobic and anaerobic habitats
C & D
what guilds live in aerobic habitats
A & B
what are guild A
aerobic decomposers
what is the source of energy for guild A aerobic decomposers
dissolved organic carbon (DOC)
what is the core genus of guild A aerobic decomposers
pseudomonas
where do guild A aerobic decomposers source DOC from
fungi - which produce this as a waste product
what are guild B
gliding bacteria
