#3- Napoleon to 1807

Question 1

which group did napoleon support in the revolution

Answer 1

the jacobins

Question 2

what event shows Napoleons first fame

Answer 2

expelling British forces in the naval base at Toulon

Question 3

what caused his career to ‘slump’

Answer 3

fall od jacobins and inability to accept a demotion

Question 4

what was the 13 vendemiaire

Answer 4

october 1785 the convention was under threat from royalists and napoleon managed to save them.

Question 5

what does Napoleon get rewarded with after 13 vendemiarie

Answer 5

he gets to lead the army in Northern Italy

Question 6

what views did napoleon have

Answer 6

admired the aims of the revolution but hated poor people as shown by his way of dealing with the parisian mobs and prisoners in middle east.

Question 7

which country did napoleon have success fighting

Answer 7

Italy 1796

Question 8

what tactics did napoleon use

Answer 8

maintaining high morale amongst his men
moving forces quickly and effectively by dividing forces
using artillery well
using doctrine of central position

Question 9

what was the treaty of campo formio

Answer 9

when the austrians sued for peace which napoleon negotiated

Question 10

when was the egyptian campaign

Answer 10

may 1798

Question 11

what was the egyptian campaigns purpose

Answer 11

to undermine british trade routes with india

Question 12

what weakness did the Egyptian campaign show

Answer 12

showed the weaknesses of the French Navy and strength of Nelson as a leader

Question 13

why did the directory decline in popularity

Answer 13

Jordan’s law 1798- forced conscription
second coalition was strong against France
coup of prairal- neo jacobins force removal of 2 directors

Question 14

when was the coup of brumaire

Answer 14

1799

Question 15

wha happened in the coup of brumaire

Answer 15

changes 5 directors to 3 consuls of which napoleon would head for 10 years
army supported napoloen and council of 500 tried crticising him

Question 16

how did voting work under the new consitution

Answer 16

male population 6 million
choose communal list 600,000
who chose department list 60,000
who choose notables 6,000

Question 17

what did the notables do

Answer 17

members were chosen to be in the senate and also chose the legislative bodies

Question 18

who were in the french legislative bodies

Answer 18

tribunate- 100 members aged over 25 - discussed legislation

legislature- 300 members over 30- voted in secret not able to discuss

Question 19

who made up the executive

Answer 19

first consul
senate
council of state

Question 20

who chose members of the executive

Answer 20

the first consul

Question 21

what powers did the first consul have

Answer 21

appointed ministers
initiated legislation
elected every 10 years

Question 22

what did the senate do

Answer 22

60 members over 40
appointed for life
nominated by first consul
verified legislation

Question 23

what did the council of the state do

Answer 23

30-40 members
chose by 1st consul
helped with legislation and appointed local officals

Question 24

what way did napoleon consolidate political power

Answer 24

patronage

eg he appointed his own mayors so they remained loyal

Question 25

what was the result of the 1800 assassination attempt

Answer 25

made himself consul for life as well as used it to deal with neo jacobins

Question 26

what method did Napoleon use to be more democratic

Answer 26

gave out plebiscites when consolidating his own power

eg 3,500,000 voted yes to making him consul for life

Question 27

what brought about legal and administrative change

Answer 27

the civil code-21st march 1804

Question 28

what liberal reforms did the civil code introduce

Answer 28

common law- applied to all citizens
judges could use own knowledge when new areas of law
system of inheritance not only to eldest son
abolition of feudalism
privileges of catholic church removed

Question 29

what less liberal reforms did the civil code introduce

Answer 29

reintroduced slavery into french colonies
considerable more power given to men within families
married women could not own property
husbands had custody rights and men had better divorce rights

Question 30

what reforms to education made

Answer 30

state owned
purpose of creating everyone with similar beliefs and brought people up to be government officials
300 secondary schools established
1808- imperial university controlled education

Question 31

what did the concordat of 1801 do

Answer 31

catholic church recognised revolution and church promised to not and attempt to regain lands
church in France was to be state controlled
toleration of other faiths allowed

Question 32

when was the bank of France introduced

Answer 32

1800- strictly controlled

Question 33

what was the name of the currency napoleon introduced

Answer 33

franc de germinal

Question 34

what was the name of the 1802 treaty with Britain

Answer 34

the treaty of amiens

Question 35

key events in war of 3rde coalition 1805-06

Answer 35

Battle of trafalgar 1805
battles against austria in ulm and austerlitz- France gains control of northern Italy
austerlitz shows Russia’s weakness

Question 36

what key events happened in the war of the 4th coalition 1806-07

Answer 36

war with prussia over continental system.
defeats russia and prussia in battle of elyau
treaty of tilsit july 1807- europe made of french and russian empire

Question 37

napoleon’s success up to 1807 was because of-

Answer 37

napoleon and the weakness of his enemies

Question 38

how did napoleon lead well up to 1807

Answer 38

inspired personal devotion
organised army to have felxibility- corps 25,000 men
aggressive tactics
living of land
good battlefield decisions like austerlitz
promotion on merit in grand armee

Question 39

how were the enemies weak up until 1807

Answer 39

failure to coordinate within coalitions

lacked good artilery- static and old fashioned tactics

Question 40

when was Napoleon crowned emperor

Answer 40

2nd december 1804

Question 41

when was teh tribunate abolished

Answer 41

1808

Question 42

what was the legion of honour

Answer 42

1814- 38,000 members

given medal and small sum of money each year

Question 43

what were senate members given

Answer 43

large county estates and annual income

Question 44

what were generals and government officals given

Answer 44

money to buy a house and live comfortably

Question 45

how many newspapers were closed in 1800

Answer 45

60 parisian newspapers

Question 46

when was the formal system of censorship opened

Answer 46

1810