3. Movement In And Out Of Cells Flashcards
Diffusion
This is the net movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration, down the concentration gradient
Factors affecting diffusion
Larger concentration gradient
Higher temperature
Smaller molecule surface ares
Osmosis
Movement of water molecules from their region of high concentration to a region of their low concentration through a semi permeable membrane
Concentration in Osmosis
Conc. of solute outside the cell > conc. inside = Cell shrinks (Plasmolysis)
Conc. of solute outside the cell < conc. inside = Cell grows (Turgid)
Osmosis in Animals
Increasing solute conc. inside the cell can cause the cell to burst due to too much water
Osmosis in Plants
Increasing solute concentration inside the cell causes the cell to become turgid
Decreasing solute concentration inside the cell causes it to become flaccid
Active Transport
Movement of particles through a cell membrane, from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, against the concentration gradient
This is done using energy from respiration (ATP)
Tonicity
The ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume and pressure in a cell
Homogenous
When you can’t differentiate the solvent and solute in a solution
Isotonic Solution
Solutions that have identical osmotic pressures
Hypotonic Solutions
A solution where the solute concentration is low enough to cause water to move into cells
Hypertonic Solution
A solution whose solute concentration is high enough to cause water to leave the cells