2.1 - Organisation of organisms Flashcards
Animal Cell
Has a round irregular shape
Plant Cell
Squarish/ rectangular shape
Cell Organelle
Structure that performs a particular function in the cell
Animal Cell Organelles
- Cell Membrane
- Cytoplasm
- Mitrichondria
- Nucleus
- Ribosome
- Rough and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Plant Cell Organelles
Contains all the organelles in an animal cell with the addition of:
- Cell Wall
- Chloroplast
- Vacuole
Cell Membrane
This is a layer of fat and protein surrounding the cell
It is semi permeable and allows certain substances to go through the the cell
Cytoplasm
This is a jelly like substance inside the cell where the cell organelles are stored
Mitochondria
This is a rod shaped organelle with a double membrane
It converts energy into adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for use in the cell
Powerhouse of the cell
Nucleus
Spherical organelle surrounded by nucleus membrane Controls the functions of the cell Contains DNA (genetic material) chromosomes and ribosomal RNA
Ribosome
Small organelle composed of RNA
Rough and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Rough ER - Produces proteins and transfer materials. Covered with ribosomes that give it a rough appearance
Smooth ER - Produces lipids and membrane proteins
Cell Wall
A thick rigid membrane surrounding the cell
Made of cellulose fibre and gives the plant its structure
Chloroplast
Disc shaped organelle containing chlorophyll and carries out photosynthesis
Has green pigments
Chlorophyll- Molecule that is a catalyst for photosynthesis
Vacuole
Large membrane bound cell filled with fluid (mostly water)
Helps maintain water levels in the cell and the shape of the cell