2.1 - Organisation of organisms Flashcards

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1
Q

Animal Cell

A

Has a round irregular shape

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2
Q

Plant Cell

A

Squarish/ rectangular shape

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3
Q

Cell Organelle

A

Structure that performs a particular function in the cell

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4
Q

Animal Cell Organelles

A
  • Cell Membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitrichondria
  • Nucleus
  • Ribosome
  • Rough and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
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5
Q

Plant Cell Organelles

A

Contains all the organelles in an animal cell with the addition of:

  • Cell Wall
  • Chloroplast
  • Vacuole
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6
Q

Cell Membrane

A

This is a layer of fat and protein surrounding the cell

It is semi permeable and allows certain substances to go through the the cell

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7
Q

Cytoplasm

A

This is a jelly like substance inside the cell where the cell organelles are stored

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8
Q

Mitochondria

A

This is a rod shaped organelle with a double membrane
It converts energy into adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for use in the cell
Powerhouse of the cell

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9
Q

Nucleus

A
Spherical organelle surrounded by nucleus membrane
Controls the functions of the cell
Contains DNA (genetic material) chromosomes and ribosomal RNA
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10
Q

Ribosome

A

Small organelle composed of RNA

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11
Q

Rough and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

A

Rough ER - Produces proteins and transfer materials. Covered with ribosomes that give it a rough appearance

Smooth ER - Produces lipids and membrane proteins

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12
Q

Cell Wall

A

A thick rigid membrane surrounding the cell

Made of cellulose fibre and gives the plant its structure

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13
Q

Chloroplast

A

Disc shaped organelle containing chlorophyll and carries out photosynthesis
Has green pigments

Chlorophyll- Molecule that is a catalyst for photosynthesis

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14
Q

Vacuole

A

Large membrane bound cell filled with fluid (mostly water)

Helps maintain water levels in the cell and the shape of the cell

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