3 L1 Anatomical Concepts and Skull

Question 1

Name for place where bones meet

Answer 1

Articulation

Question 2

What type of tissue joins fibrous joints

Answer 2

Fibrous tissue

Question 3

3 types of fibrous joints

Answer 3

Suture - Gomphosis - Syndesmosis

Question 4

Movement and function of fibrous joints

Answer 4

Little to no movement - Designed for stability

Question 5

Cartilaginous joint structure

Answer 5

Two bones joined by a cartilage pad

Question 6

Cartilaginous joint movement

Answer 6

Stability + Some movement

Question 7

Synovial joint structure

Answer 7

Articular surfaces covered in hyaline cartilage - Enclosed by a fibrous capsule - Capsule reinforced with ligamens

Question 8

Describe the synovial joint capsule

Answer 8

Lined with synovial membrane which secretes synovial fluid into the cavity

Question 9

Synovial joint movement

Answer 9

Usually mobility over stability

Question 10

HPSECBP

Answer 10

Hinge - Pivot - Saddle - Ellipsoid - Condyloid - Ball and Socket - Plane

Question 11

Tissue layers from superficial to deep

Answer 11

Skin - Superficial fascia - Deep fascia - Muscle - Bone

Question 12

How are muscles of the limb arranged

Answer 12

Arranged into compartments that are separated by fascia

Question 13

3 things that muscles in each compartment have in common

Answer 13

Function - Nerve supply - Blood supply

Question 14

Describe the 3 -tric movements in terms of gravity

Answer 14

Isometric- equal gravity and resistance
Concentric- Force generated by muscle exceeds force of gravity
Eccentric- Gravity pulls muscle down as resistance decreases

Question 15

Ramus

Answer 15

Branch off of the body

Question 16

Condyle

Answer 16

Smooth rounded articular surface

Question 17

Facet

Answer 17

Small, flattened articular area

Question 18

Crest

Answer 18

prominent ridge

Question 19

Spine

Answer 19

Thorn like processes

Question 20

Fossa

Answer 20

Hollow or depressed area

Question 21

Fovea

Answer 21

Little pit

Question 22

Groove or sulcus

Answer 22

Elongated or deepened depression

Question 23

Tubercle

Answer 23

Small, rounded process

Question 24

Tuberosity

Answer 24

Knob-like process, larger than tubercle

Question 25

Trochanter

Answer 25

Large tuberosity (proximal femur)

Question 26

Divisions of skeleton

Answer 26

Axial and Appendicular

Question 27

Axial skeleton components

Answer 27

Skull - Vertebral column - Thoracic cage

Question 28

Vertebral column components

Answer 28

Vertebrae - Discs - Sacrum - Coccyx

Question 29

Thoracic cage components

Answer 29

Sternum - Ribs - Costal cartilage

Question 30

Skull function

Answer 30

Protect brain and brainstem - Protect sensory organs - Attachment sites for muscles and ligaments

Question 31

What does the skull consist of

Answer 31

Cranial bones and Facial bones

Question 32

How many bones in skull

Answer 32

22

Question 33

4 singular cranial bones

Answer 33

Frontal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Occipital

Question 34

2 singular cranial bones

Answer 34

Temporal, Parietal

Question 35

1 singular facial bone

Answer 35

Maxilla - Zygomatic - Nasal

Question 36

What is the oral cavity

Answer 36

Bony base formed by maxilla and mandible

Question 37

What are sutures

Answer 37

Fibrous joints that interconnect bones of skull

Question 38

5 sutures

Answer 38

Squamous suture - Pterion - Coronal - Lambdoid - Saggital

Question 39

Describe the development of sutures

Answer 39

Usually fuse in first year of life - Full ossification in late 20s, complete in 5th decade

Question 40

Sutures function

Answer 40

Allow passage through birth canal - Brain growth through development

Question 41

Craniosynostis

Answer 41

Premature fusion of cranial sutures

Question 42

Describe the pterion

Answer 42

The meeting point of the frontal, sphenoid, temporal bones that overlies the middle meningeal artery

Question 43

Describe the frontal bone

Answer 43

Forms the forehead and contributes to upper region of each orbital cavity

Question 44

Features of the frontal bone

Answer 44

Supraorbital notch/foramen- contains supraorbital artery, vein and nerve Supraorbital ridge/supercillary arch- deep to eyebrows

Question 45

Describe the supraorbital nerve

Answer 45

Branch of trigeminal nerve - Supplies the muscles and skin of forehead

Question 46

Describe the orbital cavities

Answer 46

Margins formed by frontal, zygomatic and frontal bones - Walls formed by numerous bones

Question 47

Describe the nasal cavity

Answer 47

Margins formed by maxilla and nasal bones

Question 48

What makes up the nasal septum

Answer 48

Vomer and Ethmoid bones

Question 49

Describe the parietal bones

Answer 49

Form the lateral and superior walls

Question 50

What is the bony feature of the parietal bones called and what muscle attaches to this

Answer 50

Temporal lines - Temporalis muscle

Question 51

Temporal bones features and functions

Answer 51

Mandibular fossa (for TMJ) - Zygomatic processes (articulates with zygomatic bone) - Mastoid process (Attachment site for muscles) - External acoustic meatus opening (leads to the ear canal)

Question 52

Mandible features

Answer 52

Condylar process/head articulates with the temporal bone via the TMJ - Site for muscle attachments - Aveolar processes for teeth