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Public Health > 3- Intro/Emergency Preparedness > Flashcards

3- Intro/Emergency Preparedness Flashcards

1
Q

One component of public health is to prevent disease through what 2 mechanisms?

A

Surveillance and healthy behaviors

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2
Q

True or False:The other component of public health deals with individuals.

A

False

It deals with populations of people, not individuals.

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3
Q

Public health is focused on what practice to promote good health within groups of people, from small communities to entire countries?

A

Prevention of disease

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4
Q

What do public health professionals rely on to understand issues such and infant mortality and chronic disease in particular populations?

A

Policy and research strategies

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5
Q

This is the science of protecting and imrpoving the health of communities through education, promotion of healthy lifestyles, and research for disease and injury prevention

A

Public health

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6
Q

What 3 things do public health professionals analyze the effect on health in order to develop programs that protect the health of your family and community?

A

Genetics
Personal Choice
Environment

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7
Q

What is included in category A public health?

A

Tools and science of public health

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8
Q

What 2 things are included within the tools and science of public health (category A)?

A

Epidemiology

Statistics

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9
Q

What is included in category B public health?

A

Health science research and investigation

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10
Q

What 2 things are included within Health science research and investigation (category B)?

A

Biomedical sciences

Environmental health sciences

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11
Q

What is included in category C public health?

A

Social and medical care system

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12
Q

What 2 things are included within Social and medical care system (category C)?

A

Social and behavioral science

Healthcare administration, medical care system

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13
Q

What was the first example of immunization from chinese ppl?

A

To smallpox by inhaling dried crust from smallpox lesions

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14
Q

Who invented the smallpox vaccine int eh 1820’s?

A

Edward jenner and the cowpox vaccine

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15
Q

What helped mitigate the spread of the black death in 14th century europe?

A

Burning cities killed rates

Quarantine

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16
Q

An example of epidemiology is from an infected water well which causes what epidemics in London?

A

Cholera

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17
Q

In which year did the CDC develop a strategic plan to address threat of bological or chemical terrorist attack?

A

2000

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18
Q

The 2000 CDC plan uses preparedness planning, detection and surveillance, lab analysis, emergency response,a nd communication systems to reduce what?

A

Vulnerability

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19
Q

True or False: there are current plans to address prepardeness and response at the national, state, local, AND tribal levels.

A

True

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20
Q

Which 2 locations can u find current plans of emergency preparedness?

A

Department of homeland security

CDC

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21
Q

Preparedness and prevention, detection and surveillence, diagnosis and characterization fo biological and chemical agents, repsonse, and communication are all CDC key focus areas for what?

A

Emergency preparedness

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22
Q

How do you improve preparedness and prevention for emergency preparedness?

A

Develop public health guidelines, support, and technical assistance

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23
Q

What can be integrated for detection and surveillance for ERs, medical personnel, and prison control centers in emergency preparedness?

A

report illnesses from biological and chemical terrorism

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24
Q

What was created for the diagnosis and characterization of agents?

A

A multilevel Laboratory Response Network for Bioterrorism (LNRB)

25
Q

Which level of the LNRB is from public health and hospital labs, and has a low-level biosafety?

A

Level A (early detection)

26
Q

At level B on LNRB, who does the agent isolation and presumptive testing?

A

State and local public health labs

27
Q

At level C of the LNRB, there is advanced and rapid detection from which 2 labs?

A

State and federal labs

Academic research albs

28
Q

The state/federal/academic labs at level C of LNRB do what advanced testing method?

A

RFLP

29
Q

What labs do the Level D of the LNRB, which is the highest level of containment?

A

specialized federal labs

30
Q

What are the biosafety levels for level D of the LNRB?

A

3 + 4

31
Q

What are the 3 components of the response to emergency preparedness to initiate the prevention or environmental decontamination?

A

Epidemiologic investigation, medical treatment, and prophylaxis

32
Q

Why will a state of the art comminication systems support the disease surveillance in emergency preparedness?

A

it gives rapid notification/info exchange, dissemination of results/info, coordination of emergency response activity

33
Q

What was the agent that the 5 members of Aum Shinrikyo used on the Tokyo Metro in 1995?

A

Liquid sarin

34
Q

What are the initial Sx of sarin?

A

runny nose, dyspnea, constricted pupils, nausea, drooling

like a muscarine OD??

35
Q

How many people did the sarin attack kill?

A

12

36
Q

The sarin attack was an example of what type of terrorist attack?

A

Overt terrorist attack

37
Q

What is an overt attack?

A

qucik effect of terrorism (9/11, bombings, chemical attacks), emergent, more historical concern

38
Q

What was the agent used in the 1984 Rajneshee covert terrorist attack that hospitalized 45 ppl?

A

Salmonella enterica tryphimurium

39
Q

What was the agent used in 2001 as a covert terrorist attack to news media offices and 2 US senate offices?

A

Anthrax

40
Q

How many were infected and killed in the 2001 anthrax attacks?

A

22 infected

5 killed

41
Q

This is an attack where there is a delay between exposure and onset of illness (incubation), and victims are identified by physicians or other primary health-care providers.

A

Covert

like the anthrax thing

42
Q

In order to prepare for biological attacks, there must be communication education programs for what 2 people?

A

Healthcare professionals

Public

43
Q

What 4 things must we do to enhance the epidemiologic capacity to detect and respond to biological attacks?

A

Support Dx tests
Establish surveillance for microbial strains
Supply reagents to public health agencies
Encourage research on antivirals/vaccines

44
Q

This is the class of biowarfare agens that is easily disseminated, high mortality rates, causes public panic, and requires special action.

A

Category A

45
Q

This is the class of biowarfare agents that is moderately easy to disseminate, has a moderate morbility and low mortality rates, and requires enhancements of CDCs diagnostic capacity.

A

Category B

46
Q

Though Category C biowarfare agent is easily produced and disseminated, what is the potential for it’s pathogenesis?

A

Potential for high morbidity and mortality

47
Q

Which class of biowarfare agents does all respiratory or blood transmission agents belong to?

A

Category A

antrhax, botulism, plague, smallpox, tulatemia, viral hemorrhagic fevers and arenaviruses

48
Q

What is included in category B biowarfare agents?

A

brucellosis, epsilon toxin of C. perfringens, food threats, glanders, melioidosis, Q fever, staph enterotoxin B, typhus fever, viral encephalitis, and water threats

49
Q

What are emerging infectious diseases in the category C biowarfare agents?

A

Nipah virus, hantavirus, tick-borne hemorrhagic fever viruses, tick-borne encephalitis viruses, yellow fever, MDR TB

50
Q

What type of chemical agent is sarin, soman, and VX?

A

nerve agents

51
Q

What type of chemical agent is hydrogen cyanide?

A

blood agent

52
Q

What type of chemical agent is aresenic, lead, metallica, slayer, and Hg?

A

heavy metals

53
Q

What type of chemical agent is benzene and chloroform?

A

volatile toxins

54
Q

What type of chemical agent is chrlorine, and vinyl chloride?

A

pulmonary agents

55
Q

What type of chemical agent is ammonium nitrate?

A

explosive nitro compounds

56
Q

What type of chemical agent is gas and propane?

A

flammable liquid and gas

57
Q

What type of chemical agent is cyanides and nitriles?

A

poison gas, liquid, solid

58
Q

What type of chemical agent is nitric acid, and sulfuric acid?

A

corrosives

Public Health (14 decks)

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