3- Intro/Emergency Preparedness Flashcards
One component of public health is to prevent disease through what 2 mechanisms?
Surveillance and healthy behaviors
True or False:The other component of public health deals with individuals.
False
It deals with populations of people, not individuals.
Public health is focused on what practice to promote good health within groups of people, from small communities to entire countries?
Prevention of disease
What do public health professionals rely on to understand issues such and infant mortality and chronic disease in particular populations?
Policy and research strategies
This is the science of protecting and imrpoving the health of communities through education, promotion of healthy lifestyles, and research for disease and injury prevention
Public health
What 3 things do public health professionals analyze the effect on health in order to develop programs that protect the health of your family and community?
Genetics
Personal Choice
Environment
What is included in category A public health?
Tools and science of public health
What 2 things are included within the tools and science of public health (category A)?
Epidemiology
Statistics
What is included in category B public health?
Health science research and investigation
What 2 things are included within Health science research and investigation (category B)?
Biomedical sciences
Environmental health sciences
What is included in category C public health?
Social and medical care system
What 2 things are included within Social and medical care system (category C)?
Social and behavioral science
Healthcare administration, medical care system
What was the first example of immunization from chinese ppl?
To smallpox by inhaling dried crust from smallpox lesions
Who invented the smallpox vaccine int eh 1820’s?
Edward jenner and the cowpox vaccine
What helped mitigate the spread of the black death in 14th century europe?
Burning cities killed rates
Quarantine
An example of epidemiology is from an infected water well which causes what epidemics in London?
Cholera
In which year did the CDC develop a strategic plan to address threat of bological or chemical terrorist attack?
2000
The 2000 CDC plan uses preparedness planning, detection and surveillance, lab analysis, emergency response,a nd communication systems to reduce what?
Vulnerability
True or False: there are current plans to address prepardeness and response at the national, state, local, AND tribal levels.
True
Which 2 locations can u find current plans of emergency preparedness?
Department of homeland security
CDC
Preparedness and prevention, detection and surveillence, diagnosis and characterization fo biological and chemical agents, repsonse, and communication are all CDC key focus areas for what?
Emergency preparedness
How do you improve preparedness and prevention for emergency preparedness?
Develop public health guidelines, support, and technical assistance
What can be integrated for detection and surveillance for ERs, medical personnel, and prison control centers in emergency preparedness?
report illnesses from biological and chemical terrorism
What was created for the diagnosis and characterization of agents?
A multilevel Laboratory Response Network for Bioterrorism (LNRB)
Which level of the LNRB is from public health and hospital labs, and has a low-level biosafety?
Level A (early detection)
At level B on LNRB, who does the agent isolation and presumptive testing?
State and local public health labs
At level C of the LNRB, there is advanced and rapid detection from which 2 labs?
State and federal labs
Academic research albs
The state/federal/academic labs at level C of LNRB do what advanced testing method?
RFLP
What labs do the Level D of the LNRB, which is the highest level of containment?
specialized federal labs
What are the biosafety levels for level D of the LNRB?
3 + 4
What are the 3 components of the response to emergency preparedness to initiate the prevention or environmental decontamination?
Epidemiologic investigation, medical treatment, and prophylaxis
Why will a state of the art comminication systems support the disease surveillance in emergency preparedness?
it gives rapid notification/info exchange, dissemination of results/info, coordination of emergency response activity
What was the agent that the 5 members of Aum Shinrikyo used on the Tokyo Metro in 1995?
Liquid sarin
What are the initial Sx of sarin?
runny nose, dyspnea, constricted pupils, nausea, drooling
like a muscarine OD??
How many people did the sarin attack kill?
12
The sarin attack was an example of what type of terrorist attack?
Overt terrorist attack
What is an overt attack?
qucik effect of terrorism (9/11, bombings, chemical attacks), emergent, more historical concern
What was the agent used in the 1984 Rajneshee covert terrorist attack that hospitalized 45 ppl?
Salmonella enterica tryphimurium
What was the agent used in 2001 as a covert terrorist attack to news media offices and 2 US senate offices?
Anthrax
How many were infected and killed in the 2001 anthrax attacks?
22 infected
5 killed
This is an attack where there is a delay between exposure and onset of illness (incubation), and victims are identified by physicians or other primary health-care providers.
Covert
like the anthrax thing
In order to prepare for biological attacks, there must be communication education programs for what 2 people?
Healthcare professionals
Public
What 4 things must we do to enhance the epidemiologic capacity to detect and respond to biological attacks?
Support Dx tests
Establish surveillance for microbial strains
Supply reagents to public health agencies
Encourage research on antivirals/vaccines
This is the class of biowarfare agens that is easily disseminated, high mortality rates, causes public panic, and requires special action.
Category A
This is the class of biowarfare agents that is moderately easy to disseminate, has a moderate morbility and low mortality rates, and requires enhancements of CDCs diagnostic capacity.
Category B
Though Category C biowarfare agent is easily produced and disseminated, what is the potential for it’s pathogenesis?
Potential for high morbidity and mortality
Which class of biowarfare agents does all respiratory or blood transmission agents belong to?
Category A
antrhax, botulism, plague, smallpox, tulatemia, viral hemorrhagic fevers and arenaviruses
What is included in category B biowarfare agents?
brucellosis, epsilon toxin of C. perfringens, food threats, glanders, melioidosis, Q fever, staph enterotoxin B, typhus fever, viral encephalitis, and water threats
What are emerging infectious diseases in the category C biowarfare agents?
Nipah virus, hantavirus, tick-borne hemorrhagic fever viruses, tick-borne encephalitis viruses, yellow fever, MDR TB
What type of chemical agent is sarin, soman, and VX?
nerve agents
What type of chemical agent is hydrogen cyanide?
blood agent
What type of chemical agent is aresenic, lead, metallica, slayer, and Hg?
heavy metals
What type of chemical agent is benzene and chloroform?
volatile toxins
What type of chemical agent is chrlorine, and vinyl chloride?
pulmonary agents
What type of chemical agent is ammonium nitrate?
explosive nitro compounds
What type of chemical agent is gas and propane?
flammable liquid and gas
What type of chemical agent is cyanides and nitriles?
poison gas, liquid, solid
What type of chemical agent is nitric acid, and sulfuric acid?
corrosives
