3-HALKOGENI (16. skupina) Flashcards

1
Q

koproporcionacija S

POSKUS - kaj je v vulkanu?

A
2 H2S + SO2 → 3 S + 2 H2O
2 S(2-) + S(4+) → 3 S(0)
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2
Q

sežig H2S v koksarni

A

2 H2S + 3 O2 → 2 SO2 + 2 H2O
(katalizator boksit)
SO2 + 2 H2S → 3 S + 2 H2O

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3
Q

redukcija sulfatov z ogljikom

A

CaSO4 + 4 C → CaS + 4 CO

⠂sulfid → H2S → SO2

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4
Q

praženje selenidov
redukcija z SO2
(Se je močnejši oksidant od S)

A

2 MSe + 3 O2 → 2 SeO2 + 2 MO (M=kovina)
SeO2 + 2 SO2 + 2 H2O → Se + 2 H2SO4
(nastane rdeči Se) (POSKUS)

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5
Q

halkogeni (razen O2) + H2

počasi; neprimerno

A

S + H2 → H2S (200°C)
Se + H2 → H2Se (>400°C)
Te + 2H → H2Te

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6
Q

LAB: sulfidi + kisline

KIPPOV APARAT

A

FeS + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2S

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7
Q

H2S je reducent (s kisikom)

A

2 H2S + 3 O2 → 2 SO2 + 2 H2O

2 H2S + O 2 → 2 S + 2 H2O

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8
Q

H2S + močni oksidanti

plin

A

H2S + Cl2 → 2HCl + S

2 H2S + SO2 → 3 S + 2 H2O

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9
Q

H2S + močni oksidanti

raztopina

A

2 MnO4(-) + 5 H2S + 6 H(+) → 5 S + 2 Mn(2+) + 8 H2O

Cr2O7(2-) + 3 H2S + 8 H(+) → 3 S + 2 Cr(3+) + 7 H2O

H2SO4 + 3 H2S → 4 S + 4 H2O (nastane voda; H2S ne moremo sušiti s H2SO4)

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10
Q

H2S + baza

A

H2S + NaOH → NaHS + H2O
NaHS + NaOH → Na2S + H2O
(dobimo sulfide in hidrogensulfide)

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11
Q

gorenje S na zraku

A

S + O2 → SO2
2 SO2 + O2 → 2 SO3

2 S + 3 O2 → 2 SO3 (sumarno)

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12
Q

IND:

SO2 nastane s praženjem rud in pirita

A

2 ZnS + 3 O2 → 2 ZnO + 2 SO2

4 FeS2+ 11 O2 → 2 Fe2O3+ 8 SO2

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13
Q

LAB:

SO2 iz Na2SO3 + močna kislina

A

Na2SO3 + 2 H2SO4 → 2 NaHSO4 + H2O + SO2

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14
Q

LAB:
SO2 iz Cu in H2SO4
(Cu in Ag se NE raztapljata v RAZREDČENIH kislinah)

A

Cu + 2 H2SO4 → CuSO4 + SO2 + 2 H2O

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15
Q

SO2 in voda

A

SO2 + 2 H2O ↔ HSO3(-) + H3O(+), Ka1=10^-2

HSO3(-) + H2O ↔ SO3(2-) + H3O(+), Ka2=10^-7

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16
Q

SO2 je z močnimi oksidanti REDUCENT

A

MnO4(-) + 5 SO2 + 2 H2O + 6 H(+) → 2 Mn(2+) + 5 H2SO4
(roza → prozorno)

Cr2O7(2-) + 3 SO2 + 8 H(+) → Cr(3+) + 3 H2SO4 + H2O
(rumeno → zeleno)

17
Q

SO2 je z močnimi reducenti OKSIDANT

A

2 H2S + SO2 → 3 S + 2 H2O

2 Na + SO2 → Na2O2 + S

18
Q

SO3 LAB:

NaHSO4

A

2 NaHSO4 → Na2S2O7 + H2O

Na2S2O7 → SO3 + Na2SO4

19
Q

SO3 IND:

A

2 SO2 + O2 → SO3

20
Q

H2SO4 IND:

preko SO3

A

sumarno SO3 + H2O → H2SO4

21
Q

H2SO4 IND:
z NO2
(a je to POSKUS)

A

SO2 + NO2 + H2O → H2SO4 + NO

2 NO + O2 → 2 NO2 (NO2 se ne porablja)

22
Q

Vroča H2SO4

A

H2SO4 → SO3 + H2O
SO3 → SO2 + O
Cu + 2 H2SO4 → CuSO4 ‘ S O2 + 2 H2O

23
Q

Vroča H2SO4 oksidira kovine

A

2 Ag + 2 H2SO4 → Ag2SO4 + SO2 + 2 H2O

24
Q

Razredčena H2SO4

A

H2SO4 + H2O → HSO4(-) + H3O(+)

HSO4(-) H2O → SO4(2-) + H3O(+)

25
Q

peroksižveplovi kislini z vodo

A

H2S2O8 + H2O → H2SO4 + H2SO5

H2SO5 + H2O → H2SO4 + H2O2

26
Q

peroksižveplovi kislini dobimo iz HSO3Cl in H2O2

klorosulfonska kislina

A

HSO3Cl + H2O2 → H2SO5 + HCl

HSO3Cl + H2SO5 → H2S2O8 + HCl

27
Q

Na2S2O3 je REDUCENT

A

Na2S2O3 + 4 Cl2 + 5 H2O → 2 NaHSO4 + 8 HCl

2 Na2S2O3 + I2 → 2 NaI + Na2S4O6

2 S2O3(2-) + AgBr → Ag(S2O3)2 + Br(-)

28
Q

Polisulfanmonosulfonske in polisulfandisulfonske kisline

A

H2Sx-1 + SO3 → H2SxO3
x = 3 do 10

H2Sx-2 + 2 SO3 → H2SxO6
x = do 22

29
Q

Halogenski derivati oksokislin žvepla

A

SO3 + HCl → HSO3Cl
SO2 + Cl2 → SO2Cl2 (na aktivnem oglju - kataliza)
SO2 + PCl5 → SOCl2 + POCl3 (SOCl2 - tionilov klorid – je derivat H2SO3)

30
Q

Oksokisline žvepla + voda

A

HSO3Cl + H2O → H2SO4 + HCl

SO2Cl2 + 2 H2O → H2SO4 + 2 HCl

31
Q

Oksidi in oksospojine selena

SeO2 v vodi

A

SeO2 + H2O → H2SeO3 (šibka kislina)

32
Q

Oksidi in oksospojine selena

H2SeO3 (čist je trden)

A

SeO2 + 2 SO2 + 2 H2O → Se + 2 H2SO4

H2SeO3 + 2 SO2 + H2O → 2 H2SO4 + Se

33
Q

Oksidi in oksospojine telurja
Telurjev dioksid
v kislim in bazičnem

A

TeO2 + 4 HCl → TeCl4 + 2 H2O

TeO2 + 2 NaOH → Na2TeO3 + H2O

34
Q

Oksidi in oksospojine telurja

H2TeO3 iz TeX4

A

TeX4 + 3 H2O → H2TeO3 + 4 HX

35
Q

Oksidi in oksospojine telurja

H2TeO3 segrejemo

A

H2TeO3 → TeO2 + H2O

36
Q

Oksidi in oksospojine selena

H2SeO4 je močna kislina in MOČNEJŠI OKSIDANT od H2SO4

A

H2SeO4 + 2HCl → Cl2 + SeO2 + 2 H2O