Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Asthma and COPD > 3: COPD Exacerbations > Flashcards

3: COPD Exacerbations Flashcards

1
Q

Who has the worst prognosis?

A
  • Over age 60
  • FEV1<50%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

GOLD guidelines recommend pharmacotherapy by _____.

A

GOLD guidelines recommend pharmacotherapy by severity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When should ABX be prescribed in an exacerbation?

A
  • 2 cardinal symptoms and 1 of them is increased purulence of sputum
  • Severe exacerbation requiring mechanical ventilation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

According to GOLD guidelines, the below group should receive which ABX?

Group B: Patients with moderate exacerbation and risk factor(s) for poor outcome.

A

β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor (e.g., Augmentin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What constitutes an exacerbation?

A

Events in the natural course of the disease characterized by a change in the patient’s baseline dyspnea, cough, and/or sputum that:

  • Is beyond normal day-to-day variations
  • Is acute in onset
  • May warrant a change in regular medication
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 cardinal symptoms of an exacerbation?

A
  1. Increased dyspnea
  2. Increased sputum
  3. Increased sputum purulence (including color change to green/yellow)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How many days of oral steroids should be prescribed in an exacerbation?

A
  • 5 day burst
  • 10 day taper
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which of these is not a best practice?

  • Use objective tests (spirometry, 6-minute walk) to confirm suspected diagnosis of COPD.
  • Apply the GOLD guideline recommendations for pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic management based on disease severity.
  • Partner with patients to review their at-home care setting, and consider individual’s needs, lifestyle, and preferences to maximize adherence to treatment regimens.
  • Consult with pulmonologist at initial diagnosis.
A

Comanage/consult with pulmonologist along the continuum of care.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What 2 things improve your prognosis?

A
  1. Supplemental O2, when indicated
  2. Smoking cessation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

According to GOLD guidelines, the below group should receive which ABX?

Group A: Patients with mild exacerbation and no risk factors for poor outcome.

A
  1. β-lactam
  2. Tetracycline
  3. Bactrim
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Your patient appears to be having an exacerbation. What measurements and diagnostics can help you?

A
  1. CXR (r/o acute pneumonia, malignancy)
  2. ABG (if hospitalized)
  3. EKG
  4. Oxygen Saturation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What 4 things weaken your prognosis?

A
  1. Cor pulmonale
  2. Hypercapnia
  3. Tachycardia
  4. Malnutrition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is outpatient management for an exacerbation?

A
  1. Bronchodilators
  2. Oral steroids
  3. Oxygen PRN
  4. Antibiotics (maybe)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are potential complications of an exacerbation?

A
  1. Infections
  2. Pneumothorax
  3. Cor pulmonale
  4. Secondary polycythemia
  5. Bullous lung disease
  6. Acute or chronic respiratory failure
  7. Pulmonary hypertension
  8. Malnutrition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

_____ are central to the symptomatic and maintenance treatment of COPD.

A

Bronchodilators are central to the symptomatic and maintenance treatment of COPD.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the 3 keys to diagnosis of COPD?

A
  1. Smoking hx
  2. Physical exam
  3. Spirometry
17
Q

What are 4 common causes of exacerbations?

A
  1. Acute infection (viruses, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, S. pneumoniae)
  2. Congestive heart failure
  3. Pulmonary embolism
  4. Air pollution
18
Q

How many days of bronchodilator should be prescribed in an exacerbation?

A

7 day minimum

19
Q

According to GOLD guidelines, the below group should receive which ABX?

Group C: Patients with severe exacerbations and risk for P. aeruginosa infection.

A

Fluoroquinolones

20
Q

With 1 cardinal symptom of an exacerbation, what 5 things do you also assess for?

A
  1. Upper respiratory infection (URI) in last 5 days
  2. Fever without apparent cause
  3. Increased wheezing, chest tightness
  4. Increased cough
  5. 20% increase in heart rate over baseline
21
Q

Who has the best prognosis?

A
  • Under age 60
  • FEV1 >50%

Asthma and COPD (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions