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Asthma and COPD > 3: Asthma Medications > Flashcards

3: Asthma Medications Flashcards

1
Q

3 classes of rescue meds.

A

SABA
Anticholinergics
Systemic corticosteroids

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2
Q

Peak effect of SABA.

A

15-30 minutes (wears off in 4-6 hours).

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3
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Albuterol sulfate

A

SABA

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4
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Proventil

A

SABA

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5
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Ventolin

A

SABA

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6
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Levalbuterol

A

Nonracemic SABA

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7
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Xopenex

A

Nonracemic SABA

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8
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Ipratropium

A

Anticholinergic

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9
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Atrovent

A

Anticholinergic

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10
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Prednisone

A

Systemic Steroid

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11
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Prednisolone

A

Systemic Steroid

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12
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Methylprednisolone

A

Systemic Steroid

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13
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Dexamethasone

A

Systemic Steroid

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14
Q

6 classes of long-term control meds.

A 
ICS
Cromolyn Sodium and Nedocromil
Immunomodulators
Leukotriene Modifiers
LABA
Methylxanthines
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15
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Salmeterol

A

LABA

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16
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Serevent

A

LABA

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17
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Fluticasone

A

ICS

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18
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Flovent Diskus

A

ICS

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19
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Budesonide

A

ICS

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20
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Pulmicort Flexhaler

A

ICS

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21
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Respules

A

ICS

22
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Montelukast

A

Leukotriene Modifier

23
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Singulair

A

Leukotriene Modifier

24
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Theophylline

A

Methylxanthine

25
Q

What class is omalizumab?

A

Monoclonal Antibody

26
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Symbicort

A

Combined ICS/LABA (Budesonide/Formoterol)

27
Q

Is this a SABA, anticholinergic, systemic corticosteroid, ICS, immunomodulator, leukotriene modifier, LABA, or methylxanthine?
Advair

A

Combined ICS/LABA (Salmeterol/Fluticasone)

28
Q

Prolonged use of albuterol is associated with what?

A

Tachyphylaxis d/t beta2-receptor downregulation and receptor hyposensitivity.

29
Q

Nonracemic form of albuterol offers a significant reduction in which adverse effects?

A

Muscle tremors
Tachycardia
Hyperglycemia
Hypokalemia

30
Q

T/F Levalbuterol is effective in smaller doses than albuterol.

A

True. And dose may be doubled in acute severe episodes.

31
Q

SABAs are used for what 2 situations?

A

Treat bronchospasm in acute episodes.

Prevent bronchospasm in exercise-induced asthma.

32
Q

Acts as bronchodilator by inhibiting muscarinic receptors and reduces vagal tone of airways.

A

Anticholinergics

33
Q

Adjuvant therapy with SABA for treatment of acute exacerbations.

A

Anticholinergics

34
Q

Works to inhibit secretions from serous and seromucous glands lining nasal mucosa.

A

Anticholinergic (applied locally)

35
Q

Used for a short course (3-10 days) to gain control of poorly controlled episodes.

A

Systemic Corticosteroids

36
Q

When are systemic corticosteroids used long-term?

A

Used for long-term prevention of symptoms in severe persistent asthma as well as for suppression, control, and reversal of inflammation.

37
Q

What does a systemic corticosteroid do for SABAs?

A

It reverses the subsensitivity and downregulation of beta2 receptors from frequent and repetitive use of SABAs.

38
Q

Which systemic corticosteroid is not associated with vomiting?

A

Dexamethasone

39
Q

Preventive treatment of nocturnal asthma or exercise-induced asthmatic symptoms.

A

LABAs

40
Q

T/F LABAs are stand-alone meds for both asthma and COPD.

A

False. They are never to be used alone in asthma. They are only used if other meds do not control asthma and must be used in combination with other meds.

41
Q

Long-term control of symptoms. Suppression, control, and reversal of inflammation.

A

ICSs

42
Q

Most potent anti-inflammatory agents but are least likely to cause adverse effects b/c poorly absorbed systemically.

A

ICSs

43
Q

Adverse effects of ICSs.

A

Oral candidiasis
Dysphonia
Reflex cough
Bronchospasm

44
Q

How are adverse effects of ICS minimized?

A

With spacer and MDI.

45
Q

Block late asthmatic response to allergens.
Reduce airway hyperresponsiveness.
Inhibit cytokine production, adhesion protein activation, and inflammatory cell migration and activation.
Reverse beta2-receptor downregulation and subsensitivity.

A

ICS

46
Q

How do leukotrienes cause problems?

A

+ bronchospasm, increased vascular permeability, mucosal edema, and inflammatory cells.

47
Q

Long-term control and prevention of symptoms, especially nocturnal symptoms.

A

Methylxanthines

48
Q

Causes bronchodilation and minimal anti-inflammatory properties. Less effective than ICSs. Potential toxicity, so monitor serum concentrations. Used infrequently.

A

Methylxanthines

49
Q

Moderate-to-severe persistent asthma patients who react to perennial allergens. Symptoms are not controlled by inhaled corticosteroids.

A

Monoclonal Antibodies

50
Q

Bind selectively to human IgE on the surface of mast cells and basophils.

A

Monoclonal Antibodies

51
Q

This has a risk of severe allergic reaction and is only used in 12+ age group.

A

Omalizumab (Monoclonal Antibody)

52
Q

Decrease asthma exacerbations when inhaled short-acting beta2-agonists and corticosteroids have failed.

A

Combined ICS/LABA

Asthma and COPD (19 decks)

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