3: COPD Epidemiology Flashcards
Alpha-1 antitrypsen deficiency is associated with both COPD and what?
Liver disease
Is alpha-1 antritrypsin deficiency related to the chronic bronchitis or emphysema component of COPD?
Emphysema
In asthma, damage is potentially _____, but in COPD damage is _____.
In asthma, damage is potentially reversible, but in COPD damage is not reversible.
4 risk factors for COPD.
- Smoking: heavy and light smokers, active or passive
- Exposure to particles: via air pollution and/or work environment
- Increased infections throughout your life in conjunction with other factors
- Genetic factor: alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
What autosomal recessive disorder can lead to COPD and is usually the case with COPD diagnosis under age 40?
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency
What factors may indicate hereditary emphysema that is difficult to diagnose in the presence of asthma?
- Family history of early-onset lung disease or childhood liver disease
- Shortness of breath that gets worse over years, not related to attacks of wheezing
- Early development of emphysema in alpha 1-ATD is associated with current or prior cigarette smoking
COPD is characterized by what?
Obstruction of airflow
What 2 pulmonary conditions comprise COPD?
- Chronic bronchitis
- Emphysema