3. Conventions On Reporting Psychological Investigations

Question 1

What is:

The Title

Answer 1

A concise but informative sentence (or two) which lets the reader know exactly what the report is about. Usually no more than 13 words

Question 2

What is:

The Abstract

Answer 2

A brief (150-200 word) summary of the report. It should be a self contained, clear and concise synopsis (summary) of the research. It will briefly mention reference to past research in the area, the methods used, the findings and the conclusions

Question 3

What is:

The Introduction

Answer 3

A section that introduces the reader to the background of the study, it will make reference to past research in the area as well as relevant theories. This gives the reader context. The second part explains the ideas behind the research being undertaken before going on to making specific hypotheses and operationalising the variables.

Question 4

What is:

The Method

Answer 4

• A section that describes how the study was conducted. It should have enough information in it to allow the study to be replicated in the future. It should relate explicitly which research method is being used.
• Subsections = Design, Variables, Participants and Procedure

Question 5

What is:

The Results

Answer 5

A section which clearly reports the findings of the study. It typically involves reference to how data is analysed. If applicable, descriptive statistics will display measures of central tendency and dispersion, normally in clear labelled tables (+graphs). Inferential statistics include more detailed analysis if the data using inferential testing. Following analysis hypothesis are rejected or accepted

Question 6

What is:

The Discussion

Answer 6

A summary of the results and an explanation of what the findings actually mean. There will be reference made to past research in the area and whether the findings of the current investigation are similar or different. The implications of the study may be discussed. Reference may also be made to evaluate comments about the research e.g. problems with method etc - suggestions for future research

Question 7

What is:

Appendices

Answer 7

A section where raw data will be given. It will also include examples of any written instructions or methods of gathering data (e.g. questionnaires)

Question 8

What is:

References

Answer 8

Where all cited references (i.e. research mentioned in the report) will be listed alphabetically. This gives the reader an opportunity to explore the area in more detail. Normally, references are written in a verify specific way using the ‘Harvard’ system