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BDS3 R+M - Oral surgery > 3. Complications of exodontia > Flashcards

3. Complications of exodontia Flashcards

1
Q

What are the risks of exodontia?

A
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2
Q

Surgical complications can be :

A
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3
Q

Immediate intraoperative complications include? (7)

A
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4
Q

Haemorrhage- coagulation process

A

Primary haemostasis
Secondary haemostasis

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5
Q

Haemorrhage- coagulation process
Primary haemostasis - what happens in primary haemostasis?

A
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6
Q

Haemorrhage- coagulation process
Secondary haemostasis - what does it involve?

A

•Formation of fibrin through the coagulation cascade

•Defects in the coagulation cascade manifest as more serious bleeding than primary haemostasis defects.

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7
Q

Secondary haemostasis pathways?

A

Extrinsic pathway
Intrinsic pathway

Also Common pathway

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8
Q

Secondary haemostasis
What does extrinsic pathway involve?

A
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9
Q

Secondary haemostasis
What does intrinsic pathway involve?

A
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10
Q

Secondary haemostasis
What does common pathway involve?

A
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11
Q
A
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12
Q

Bleeding

A
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13
Q

What is haemostasis

A

Stopping of blood

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14
Q

What is a haemostatic measure

A

Way to stop bleeding

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15
Q

Haemorrhage - local heamostatic measures
What are local heamostatic measures?

A

ADD IN PHOTO OD LSIDE 11

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16
Q

What is a coagulopathy?

A

A condition that affects how your blood clots

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17
Q

Haemorrhage
Examples of different coagulopathies?

A

Soft tissue bleed (vessel/ Inflamed tissue/ periodontal disease)
Bone bleed
Anti-platelet medication (aspirin, clopidogrel)
Warfarin
Bleeding disorders (haemophilia, Von Willebrand disease, thrombocytopenia), liver or kidney disease
Combination warfarin AND bleeding disorder, liver/kidney disease

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18
Q

Haemorrhage
How would you manage a patient with Soft tissue bleed (vessel/ Inflamed tissue/ periodontal disease)

A
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19
Q

Haemorrhage
How would you manage a patient with bone bleed?

A
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20
Q

Haemorrhage
How would you manage a patient with Anti-platelet medication (aspirin, clopidogrel) ?

A

Local haemostatic measures

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21
Q

Haemorrhage
How would you manage a patient with warfarin ?
(For tooth extractions/ exodontia )

A
22
Q
A
23
Q

Haemorrhage
How would you manage a patient with Bleeding disorders (haemophilia, Von Willebrand disease, thrombocytopenia), liver or kidney disease

A
24
Q

Haemorrhage
How would you manage a patient with Combination warfarin AND bleeding disorder, liver/kidney disease?

A
25
Q
A
26
Q

Soft tissue injury
How can it be caused?
How can it be prevented?

A
27
Q

Fracture of tooth/ root
Why might a tooth or root fracture?
How to manage?

A

•Normal part of process of tooth extraction
•Brittle teeth (previous RCT)
•Grossly carious/ heavily restored
•Curved apex
•Inappropriate use of elevators/forceps

28
Q

Displacement of root in antrum
How do we retrieve it?

A

For understanding - antrum is another way of saying maxillary sinus aka root could go to maxillary sinus
Understanding - Oroantral communication - unnatural space that forms between maxillary sinus and oral cavity following extraction of antral teeth

29
Q

Caldwell Luc Procedure

A
30
Q

Fracture of bone
May be caused by?
Management?

A
31
Q

Fracture of maxillary tuberosity
Causes?
Management - when small fragment attached to tooth ?
- when large fragment of bone?

A
32
Q
A
33
Q

Oro-antral communication
Incidence ?
Risk factors?
What can develop?

A

Oroantral fistula for understanding is an epithelialised pathological unnatural communication between oral cavity and maxillary sinus. - develops when Oroantral communication fails to close spontaneously

34
Q

Treatment of oroantral communication

A
35
Q

Treatment of oroantralcommunication pt 2

A
36
Q

Surgical closure of Oroantral fistula

A
37
Q

Look at answers for more diagrams

A
38
Q

Dislocation of TMJ

A

Avoid by always supporting the mandible
Patient will not be able to close mouth and occlusal derangement.
Manipulate mandible manually downwards and backwards to correct +/- IV sedation or GA.
Prevention with use of mouth props
(Pt may have flat articular eminence)

39
Q

Dislocated jaw/tmj

A
40
Q

Everything up to now has been Immediate Intraoperative complications

A
41
Q

Early post-operative
What are Early post-operative complications that can occur?

A
42
Q

Pain and swelling

A
43
Q

Trismus
Occurs when?
Causes?
Management?

A
44
Q

what is trismus?

A
  • also known as lockjaw
  • usu due to tetanic spasms of muscles of mastication
45
Q

Dry socket
Common in?
Occurs when?
Causes?
Management

A
46
Q

what is dry socket (google)

A
  • blood clot fails to develop in tooth socket
  • blood clot becomes dislodged or disappears
  • can happen 3-5 days after surgery
  • empty socket causes an ache or throbbing pain in gum or jaw (like toothache)
47
Q

Dry socket risk factors

A
48
Q

Delayed haemorrhage
Reactionary haemorrhage Occurs when?
Delayed haemorrhage occurs when?
Management?

A
49
Q

Prolonged anaesthesia
Follows what?
Risk increases with?
Is it permanent?

A
50
Q

Late lost operative
Late post operative complications include?

A
51
Q

Bisphosphonates
What are Bisphosphonates ?
What conditions are Bisphosphonates used for?
What can they do?

A
52
Q
A

BDS3 R+M - Oral surgery (10 decks)

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