3. Cell and plant organelles and biomolecules

Question 1

cell wall

Answer 1

found in plants, algae, fungi and prokaryotes
made up of cellulose
give structural support

Question 2

nucleus

Answer 2

contains DNA (deoxyriboneulic acid) and mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) which controls cell activity

Question 3

mitrochondria

Answer 3

organelle energy ATP (adenosine triposphate) made by cell
cellular respiratio (glucose-> ATP)

Question 4

ribosome

Answer 4

where proteins are made
non-membrane bound organelle

Question 5

endoplasmic recticulum

Answer 5

rough ER-> ribosomes attached to surface to mold proteins into shapes
smooth ER-> makes and stores lipids eg. cholesterol and phospholipids

Question 6

golgi appartus

Answer 6

modifies and packages proteins into vesicles sends them to the cell membrane and out the cell

Question 7

vesicle

Answer 7

produced by the golgi appartus and endoplasmic reticulum
transport substances in and out of cells

Question 8

chloroplasts

Answer 8

contains chlorophyll, pigment molecule absorbs light energy
chloroplasts use light, h20, co2 produce c6h12o6 and o2

Question 9

lysosome

Answer 9

digestive system of cell
generally more specific to animal cell
similar to vesicle but contains enzymes capable of breaking down all biological polymers

Question 10

Plasma membrane

Answer 10

separates the inter-cellular and extracellular environments in the cell
all cell membranes are comprised of phospholipids, cholesterol and proteins
selectively permeable
most organelles except ribosomes are surrounded by 1or 2 membranes

Question 11

What bio-molecules are all cells comprised of?

Answer 11

all molecules are based on the carbon atom
1. COH- complex COH made up of simple sugars
2. Lipids- fatty and glycerol
3. proteins-amino acids
4. nucleic acids- nucleotides ( potassium and sodium)

Question 12

fluid mosaic model of structure

Question 13

nucleolus

Answer 13

make up structure of ribosomes
signal recognition and cell’s response to stress