3. Brain to neuron Flashcards
What do ventricles contain? (Neurons psychobiology)
cerebrospinal fluid
What does cerebrospinal fluid do? (Neurons psychobiology)
bathes and cushions the brain
What is blood supply to the brain needed for? (Neurons psychobiology)
energy
What are connections between the brain areas known as? (Neurons psychobiology)
White matter tracts
How do cells work? (Neurons psychobiology)
Expressing different proteins
What are proteins made up of? (Neurons psychobiology)
Chains of amino acids, coded for by DNA
What are gila thought to do? (Neurons psychobiology)
‘Stick’ the brain together
Why are gila important? (Neurons psychobiology)
They have signalling controls and are important in structural support
What two ways can neurons transmit information? (Neurons psychobiology)
Within a neuron or between a neuron
How is information communicated within a neuron?
Electrical transmission (action potentials and synaptic potentials)
How is information communicated between neutrons? (Neurons psychobiology)
Chemical transmission (at synapses)
What are electrical currents? (Neurons psychobiology)
Flows of charged particles
What is voltage? (Neurons psychobiology)
a measure of how much potential there is for charge to move
What are the two equations for current? (Neurons psychobiology)
Current = potential x conductance
Current = potential / resistance
What is Ohm’s law of electricity? (Neurons psychobiology)
The amount of current that flows is dependent on how much potential there is and how easy it is to flow through the circuit
What did Hermann Von Helmholtz measure and how? (Neurons psychobiology)
Measured the speed of a nerve by stimulating a frogs sciatic nerve and measuring the time taken to constrict the muscle
What did Hermann Von Helmholtz find? (Neurons psychobiology)
the further away the stimulator, the slower the constriction response
How do currents flow down nerves? (Neurons psychobiology)
as a wave of movement
Where does voltage change propagate? (Neurons psychobiology)
Along the axon
What are ions? (Neurons psychobiology)
Electrically charged particles
What ions are found outside the cell? (Neurons psychobiology)
Sodium
Calcium
Chloride
What ions are found inside the cell? (Neurons psychobiology)
Proteins
Potassium
What do channels inside the membrane do? (Neurons psychobiology)
Allow specific ions through
What is the equilibrium potential a combination of? (Neurons psychobiology)
Concentration and electrical gradients
What is the electrochemical gradient? (Neurons psychobiology)
Combination of concentration and electrical gradient
What is the equilibrium potential? (Neurons psychobiology)
Potential across membrane at which there is no net flow of an ion
What is the Nernst equation? (Neurons psychobiology)
The equilibrium potential dictated by concentration difference and ion charge
