3 Flashcards
Name the contemporary theories
Virtue Ethics
Feminist Ethics
Discourse Ethics
Postmodern Ethics
What is / Def. Virtue Ethics
Focus on the character and integrity of the decisionmaker rather than on the action itself. #seen on cardinal virtues
Concept is, that actors with virtuous characters will show morally correct behavior - to good charactor -> ethical actions.
Moral virtues: honesty and fairness
Intellecutal Virtues: Enviorment + consideration of other opinios
“Der ehrbare Kaufmann”
What are Cardinal Virtues?
Four Virtues that determine whether a person is vituous to determine if Virtue Ethics can be applied:
- Prudence
wisdom, to judge appropiatly with regards to situtation - Justice
fairness, most important virtue - Temperance
self-control, discretion and moderation - Courage
- also endurance - ability to confront fear or intimidation
Whats the Critism of Virtue ethics
No clear concept to transfer Virtues into actions
Virtues are subjective and depend on cultural contexts
What is / Def. Feminist Ethics
Approaches based on ethics and responsibility
- Individual is embedded in network of relationships
Focuses on avoiding harm and maintain healty relationship by:
- Decision in context of RELATIONSHIPS
- Taking pro active RESPONSIBILITY
- Decision on past EXPERIENCES
Whats the Critisim on Feminist Ethics
Its gender biased morality
Emotions can make it easy to break moral code #humans-not-robots
What is / Def. Discourse Ethics?
Aims to solve ethical conflict by providing a process of norm generation through rational reflection on the experiences of all relevant participants #roundtable
Key:
- peaceful settlement
- engaging in discourse with goal of norms and solution accteptable to al
- ideal discourse
What are the criteria for an ideal discourse?
- everyone may question any claims made
- everyone may introduce their own claims
- everyone may express their own desire
No prevention of exercising the rights above
Whats the Critisim of Discourse ethics?
- Context specific
- Very Time intensive
- Its system boundaries - just physical bring all relevant stakeholders into one place?
What is / Def Postmodern Ethics
Approaches based on empathy and moral impluse
it encourages actors to follow their inner feelings and to use moral impluse to determine what is right and wrong, everyday anew. #Whistleblowers
Baumann says: There should be no difference between decision in business and privat life: one Person = one decision through gut feeling
Whats the Critisim on Postmodern Ethics?
Vagueness
Moral relativism
How tp protect Whistleblowers?
EU Comission: Anonym and secure reporting channels
Free advise on available protectios
Better legal protection
