2nd Sem Flashcards
- Means “way of the gods” or “kami no michi”
Shinto
- Shintoism is a religion of __________ gods and spirits
800,000
- Chief god _______, the Sun god
Amaterasu
- Founded in ______ BC
660
- Japan’s state religion until
1945
- Indigenous religion of Japan,
Shinto
“a life-affirming ______ calling upon the blessings of the numinous forces of nature and of specific spirit deities.”
animism
- The world is permeated with the presence of ______, a term for invisible spiritual forces.
kami
- Kojiki,
ancient masters
- Nihon Shoki
chronicles of Japan
The Four Affirmations of Shinto
Tradition and Family
Love of Nature
Physical Cleanliness
Matsuri
- To worship and honour gods and ancestral spirits
Matsuri
– a special gateway for gods
• Tori
•– the washing of their bodies in rivers near the shrine
Misogi
– ritual dances accompanied by ancient instruments
• Kagura
– charms worn as healing and protection
• Mamori
– an altar; a given central place in many homes
• Kami-dana
“Be still like a mountain and flow like a great river”
Lao Tse
- Refers to an omnipresent yet elusive force or principle that lies at the heart of everything.
- An elusive mystical law or principle of the universe to which one should attune oneself.
The Tao/The Way
- A kind of engaged mysticism aimed at tuning oneself with this natural law, typically expressed in the lives and gnomic utterances of anarchic sages living in remote bamboo groves.
- Enigmatic, mystical interpretation of Confucius’ teachings
Taoism
- Core teachings are found in the __________ and the eponymous text of Chuang Tzu
Tao Te Ching by Lao Tzu
- A central concept in Taoism
* Means ‘without action’
Wu Wei
- The balance of opposites in the universe
- One of the dominant concepts shared by different schools throughout the history of Chinese philosophy
- Emblematic of valuational equality rooted in the unified, dynamic, and harmonized structure of the cosmos
Yin Yang
- Exercise and movement techniques
* Stimulates the central nervous system
Tai Chi
• Traditional Chinese medicines teach that illness is caused by blockages or lack of balance in the body’s ____
“chi”
- A Chinese ethical and philosophical system
- A complex system of moral, social, political, philosophical and quasi-religious thought that had tremendous influence on the culture and history of East Asia
Confucianism
originally developed in______ century BCE
5th
(Confucius is the Westernized name)
Master Kung
ultimate goal of confucianism
social harmony
2 main focuses of confucianism
Human Morality
Right action
4 main themes of confucianism
Family
ritual
humaneness
mutual consideration
(The Five Bonds/The Five Relationships)
- ruler to minister
- father to son
- husband to wife
- elder brother to younger brother
- friend to friend
Confucius’ sayings or teachings;
- Your life is what your thoughts make it.
- Real knowledge is to know the extent of one’s ignorance.
- The journey with 1000 miles begins with one step.
- Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.
- Roads are made for journeys not destinations.
- You are what you think.
Hsiao
love within the family
Jen
Benevolences
Chung
Loyalty to the State
Li
ritual, propriety, etiquette
Yi
Righteousness
Xin
Honesty and Trustworthiness
- To many, ______ is more of a philosophy or a way of life
- A religion to about __________ people around the word
Buddhism
300 million
- Comes from the word ‘budhi’, which means _____
‘to awaken’
- Has origins from ______ when ____ was enlightened at the age of ____, and came to be known as the _____
2,500 years ago
Siddhartha Gautama
35
Buddha
The Buddhist path can be summed up as;
- To lead a moral life
- To be mindful and aware of thoughts and actions
- To develop wisdom and understanding
The Four Noble Truths
- Life as we know it ultimately leads to suffering
- Suffering is caused by craving or attachments to worldly pleasures
- Suffering ends when craving ends, when one is freed from desire
- To reach this liberated state, you must follow the teachings of Buddha
The Noble Eightfold Path
- Viewing reality as it is, not just as it appears to be
- Intention of renunciation
- Speaking in a truthful way
- Acting in a non-harmful way
- A non-harmful livelihood
- Making an effort to improve
- Awareness to see things for what they are with clear consciousness
- Correct meditation
Buddha
A title for those who attained Nirvana
Dharma
The teachings or law of nature
Sangha
The “community” of Buddhist monks or nuns
The Five Precepts
- To refrain from taking life
- To refrain from taking which is not given
- To refrain from sensual misconduct
- To refrain from lying
- To refrain from intoxicants which can lead to loss of mindlessness
