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RADIOLOGIC PATHOLOGY > 2nd Page > Flashcards

2nd Page Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of diseases can be classified as:

A

Alteration of cell growth
Iatrogenic
Nosocomial
Community Acquired
Idiopathic

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2
Q

new growth in tumor or neoplasm (Arthritis)

A

Alteration of cell growth

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3
Q

-caused by physicians and their treatment

A

Iatrogenic

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4
Q

-developed in hospitals or acute care facilities

A

Nosocomial

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5
Q

infections contracted in the community or outside the health care facility

A

Community Acquired-

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6
Q
  • the underlying cause of the disease is unknown (Fever)
A

Idiopathic

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7
Q

mechanism of disease development

sequence of events in the response of cells, tissues, or organisms to the cause of the disease

A

PATHOGENESIS

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8
Q

-structural alterations induced in cells and organs of the body

structural changes in cells and tissues that are characteristics of the disease or etiologic process

Abnormal Gross, Microscopic, Radiologic, Molecular anatomy

A

MORPHOLOGIC CHANGES

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9
Q

functional consequences of the morphologic changes

A

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE/ FUNCTIONAL DERANGEMENT

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10
Q

manifestations of a disease that the patient feels and describes that are not measurable or observable to the examiner

A

Symptoms

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11
Q

measurable or objective manifestations of disease process fever, rashes

A

Signs

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12
Q

estimated or forecast of the expected outcome of a disease

A

Prognosis

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13
Q

-A normal cell in a homeostatic steady state is able to handle physiologic demands

A

Cellular Injury and Adaptation

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14
Q

occurs with excessive external stimuli or stress wherein a new but altered steady state is achieved but the cell remains viable cell still remains viable (alive) despite excessive external stimuli injury

A

Cellular adaptation (reversible)

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15
Q

occurs if the limits of adaptive capability are exceeded, or when no adaptive

response is possible

A

Cellular injury (irreversible)

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16
Q

Causes of cellular injury

A
  1. Ischemia
    Hypoxia
  2. Chemical agents
  3. Physical agents
  4. Infection
  5. Immunologic reactions
  6. Genetic defects
  7. Nutritional defects

& Aging-elderlies were prone to diseases

17
Q

-normal cell death +eg Embryogenesis, hormonal involution-corpus luteum)

A

Apoptosis

18
Q

premature or untimely death due to causes

A

Necrosis

19
Q

4 Most important adaptive changes

A
  1. Atrophy
  2. Hypertrophy
  3. Hyperplasia.
  4. Metaplasia
20
Q

-shrinkage in cell size by loss of cell substance; reduction in cell size with the corresponding decrease in function

A

Atrophy

21
Q

increase in the size of cells and consequent increase in the size of tissue/organ by a gain of cellular substance

A

Hypertrophy

22
Q

increase in the number of cells by mitotic division in a tissue or organ

A

Hyperplasia

23
Q
  • reversible change in which one adult cell type is replaced by another adult cell type
A

Metaplasia

24
Q

atypical proliferative changes or loss in uniformity of individual adult cells size and their architectural orientation

A

Dysplasia

25
Q

Other Cellular Alterations:

A

Calcification
Dystrophic calcification
Metastatic calcification

26
Q

abnormal deposition of calcium salts with smaller amounts of other mineral salts in radiograph it may appear radiolucent (bone)

A

Calcification-

27
Q
  • abnormal deposition of calcium in dead or dying tissues
A

Dystrophic calcification

28
Q
  • calcium deposition in normal tissues due to hypercalcemia- high calcium level
A

Metastatic calcification

29
Q

Underlying processes of radiographic manifestation of diseases:

A
  1. Inflammation
  2. Edema
  3. Ischemia
  4. Infarction
  5. Hemorrhage
  6. Alteration of cell growth (lead to neoplasm

RADIOLOGIC PATHOLOGY (5 decks)

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