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Life Science > 2nd Book, Chapter 3 > Flashcards

2nd Book, Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Chlorophyll

A

A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria

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2
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Sunlight provides the energy for food

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3
Q

Tissues

A

Groups of similar cells that preform a specific function in an organism

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4
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Structures in which food is made

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5
Q

Vacuole

A

A large storage sac that storages many substances

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6
Q

Cuticle

A

A waxy, water prof layer

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7
Q

Vascular tissue

A

A system of tubelike structures inside a plant through which water, minerals, and food move

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8
Q

Nonvascular plants

A

Low-growing, have thin cell walls, and do not have roots for absorbing water from the ground

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9
Q

Rhizoids

A

Thin rootlike structures that anchor the moss and absorb water and nutrients

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10
Q

Vascular plants

A

Plants with true vascular tissues

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11
Q

Phloem

A

The vascular tissues through which food moves

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12
Q

Xylem

A

A vascular tissues in which water and minerals move through

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13
Q

Fronds

A

A fern’s leaves

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14
Q

Pollen

A

Tiny structures that contains the cells that will later become sperm eggs

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15
Q

Seed

A

A structure that contains a young plant with a protective covering

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16
Q

Gymnosperm

A

A seed that produces naked seeds

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17
Q

Angiosperms

A

Produce flowers and produce seeds with enclosed fruits

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18
Q

Cotyledon

A

Seed leaf

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19
Q

Monocots

A

Angiosperm yah have only one seed leaf

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20
Q

Dicots

A

Produce seeds with two leafs

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21
Q

Root cap

A

Helps protect the roots when they grow through the soil

22
Q

Cambium

A

Divides to produce a new phloem and xylem

23
Q

Stomata

A

Open and close to control when gases enter and leave the leaf

24
Q

Transpiration

A

The process by which water evaporates from a plant’s leaves

25
Q

Embryo

A

A young plant that developed from the zygote, or fertilized egg

26
Q

Germination

A

Occurs when the embryo begins to grow again and pushes out of the seed

27
Q

Flower

A

Reproductive structure of an angiosperm

28
Q

Pollination

A

The transfer of pollen from male reproductive structures to female reproductive structures

29
Q

Sepals

A

Protect the developing flower and are often green in color

30
Q

Stamens

A

Male reproductive parts

31
Q

Pistils

A

The Female parts

32
Q

Ovary

A

Protects the seeds as they developed

33
Q

Sporophyte

A

One of the plants stages. It’s when the plant produces spores

34
Q

Gametophyte

A

Spore develops in this stage. The plant then produces sex cells

35
Q

Annuals

A

Flowering plants that complete a life cycle within one growing season

36
Q

Biennials

A

Angiosperms that complete their life cycle in two years

37
Q

Perennials

A

Flowering plants that live for more than 2 years

38
Q

Fertilization

A

Occurs when sperm cell unites with egg cell

39
Q

Zygote

A

Fertilized egg

40
Q

Cones

A

Most gymnosperms reproductive structures

41
Q

Ovule

A

A structure that contains an egg cell

42
Q

Fruit

A

Ripened ovary and other structures that enclose one or more seeds

43
Q

Tropism

A

A stimulus a plant’s growth responses toward or away from

44
Q

Hormone

A

Produced by a plant’s chemical that affects how the plant grows

45
Q

Auxin

A

Speeds up rate at which a plant’s cells grow and controls a plant’s response to life

46
Q

Photoperiodism

A

A plant’s response to seasonal changes in the length of night and day

47
Q

Critical night length

A

Length that is the number of hours of darkness that determines whether or not a plant will flower

48
Q

Short-day plants

A

Flower when the nights are longer than a critical length

49
Q

Long-day plants

A

Flower when nights are shorter than a critical length

50
Q

Day-neutral plants

A

Have a flowering cycle that is not sensitive to periods of light and dark

51
Q

Dormancy

A

A period when an organism’s growth or activity stops

52
Q

Peat

A

A blackish brown material that used to be mosses

Life Science (11 decks)

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