2e. Extraction and uses of metals

Question 1

Where are most metals found?

Answer 1

In earth’s crust combined with other elements

Question 2

How are the metals extracted?

Answer 2

• If the ore contains a metal which is below carbon in the reactivity series then the metal is extracted by reaction with carbon in a displacement reaction.
• If the ore contains a metal which is above carbon in the reactivity series then electrolysis (or reaction with a more reactive metal) is used to extract the metal.

Question 3

What is an alloy?

Answer 3

An alloy is a mixture of a metal with, usually, other metals or carbon.

Question 4

Why are alloys harder than pure metals?

Answer 4

In an alloy, the different elements have slightly different sized atoms. This breaks up the regular lattice arrangement and makes it more difficult for layers of ions to slide over each other.