2d. Cerebrovascular Accidents - Begrippen omgekeerd

Question 1

What does this refer to?

Blood clot that forms in a healthy artery in the brain

Answer 1

Thrombus

Question 2

What does this refer to?

Blood clot that forms elsewhere in the body

Answer 2

Embolism

Question 3

What does this refer to?

Due to the process of atherosclerosis a gradual build-up of fat deposits forms. It occurs mostly in the smaller, deeper perforating arteries.

Answer 3

Stenosis

Question 4

What does this refer to?

A bloodclot that loges a narrowed artery.

Answer 4

Embolism

Question 5

What does this refer to?

This is injecting a powerful drug into the bloodstream to disperse a bloot clot in a blood vessel. It is performed fast after an infarct.

Answer 5

Thrombolysis

Question 6

What does this refer to?

If the neurological deficits dissapear within a short period of time (usually less than 45 min). There is no evidence of infarction on a CT scan.

Answer 6

Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)

Question 7

What does this refer to?

Here, the symptoms last longer than 45 min, but compared to a full stroke, less than 24 hours. Here, there is evidence of recent infarction on a CT scan

Answer 7

Cerebral Infarction with Transient Signs (CITS)

Question 8

Which hemorrhage?

This type occurs in the area of the basal nuclei, usually as a result of the rupture of smaller arteries caused by the effect of longtime exposure to high blood pressure.

It’s the most common hemorrhage.

Answer 8

Deep intracerebral hemorrhage

Question 9

Which hemorrhage?

This type we see more in the elderly, and is far more superficial, caused by amyloid angiopathy.

Answer 9

Lobar intracerebral hemorrhage

Question 10

Which hemorrhage?

This type does occur in the space between the meninges surrounding the brain, mostly caused by a rupture (aneurysm) at or near the circle of Willis.

It causes a sudden and exremely severe headache followed by neck stifness (some patients are traumatized by this)

Answer 10

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)

Question 11

Which hemorrhage?

A combination of infarction and bleeding, associated with a very high mortality rate.

Answer 11

Hemorrhagic infarct

Question 12

What does this refer to?

A weak area in a vessel wall which eventually causes a balloon shaped belch that can rupture.

Answer 12

Aneurysm

Question 13

What does this refer to?

A disturbance or loss of function in one part of the brain due to a localized injury in another part.

Answer 13

Diaschisis

Question 14

What does this refer to?

When one of the main arteries is occluded, the distal smaller arteries can still receive blood from the other arteries

Answer 14

Collateral circulation

Question 15

What does this refer to?

Inability to speak or understand others (combi of Wernicke’s and Broca’s …) > MCA

Answer 15

Mixed/global aphasia

Question 16

What does this refer to?

Patients are unable to communicate verbally or process written language > infarct of the ACA > communication between Broca and Wernicke is prevented

Answer 16

Transcortical aphasia

Question 17

What does this refer to?

The concept of movements and motor/sensory abilities are intact, but inability to make meaningful movements, e.g. using a fork and knife during dinner (MCA)

Answer 17

(Ideomotor) apraxia

Question 18

What does this refer to?

Inability to comprehend written words

Answer 18

Alexia

Question 19

What does this refer to?

Inability to write

Answer 19

Agraphia

Question 20

What does this refer to?

Inability to perfrom arithmetic operations

Answer 20

Acalculia

Question 21

What does this refer to?

Inability to recognize/understand visual stimuli (PCA)

Answer 21

Agnosia

Question 22

What does this refer to?

Inability to express or understand the emotive content of spoken language

Answer 22

Aprosodia

Question 23

What does this refer to?

Incapable of naming/recognizing fingers of your own hand (parietal lobe)

Answer 23

Finger agnosia

Question 24

What does this refer to?

Lacking awareness of your condition

Answer 24

Anosognosia

Question 25

What does this refer to?

Failure to appreciate the significance of the condition (indifference towards the condition)

Answer 25

Anosodiaphoria

Question 26

What does this refer to?

Problems with recognition of emotions, impairment of understanding social situations

Answer 26

Social cognition