2d. Cerebrovascular Accidents - Begrippen omgekeerd Flashcards
What does this refer to?
Blood clot that forms in a healthy artery in the brain
Thrombus
What does this refer to?
Blood clot that forms elsewhere in the body
Embolism
What does this refer to?
Due to the process of atherosclerosis a gradual build-up of fat deposits forms. It occurs mostly in the smaller, deeper perforating arteries.
Stenosis
What does this refer to?
A bloodclot that loges a narrowed artery.
Embolism
What does this refer to?
This is injecting a powerful drug into the bloodstream to disperse a bloot clot in a blood vessel. It is performed fast after an infarct.
Thrombolysis
What does this refer to?
If the neurological deficits dissapear within a short period of time (usually less than 45 min). There is no evidence of infarction on a CT scan.
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
What does this refer to?
Here, the symptoms last longer than 45 min, but compared to a full stroke, less than 24 hours. Here, there is evidence of recent infarction on a CT scan
Cerebral Infarction with Transient Signs (CITS)
Which hemorrhage?
This type occurs in the area of the basal nuclei, usually as a result of the rupture of smaller arteries caused by the effect of longtime exposure to high blood pressure.
It’s the most common hemorrhage.
Deep intracerebral hemorrhage
Which hemorrhage?
This type we see more in the elderly, and is far more superficial, caused by amyloid angiopathy.
Lobar intracerebral hemorrhage
Which hemorrhage?
This type does occur in the space between the meninges surrounding the brain, mostly caused by a rupture (aneurysm) at or near the circle of Willis.
It causes a sudden and exremely severe headache followed by neck stifness (some patients are traumatized by this)
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)
Which hemorrhage?
A combination of infarction and bleeding, associated with a very high mortality rate.
Hemorrhagic infarct
What does this refer to?
A weak area in a vessel wall which eventually causes a balloon shaped belch that can rupture.
Aneurysm
What does this refer to?
A disturbance or loss of function in one part of the brain due to a localized injury in another part.
Diaschisis
What does this refer to?
When one of the main arteries is occluded, the distal smaller arteries can still receive blood from the other arteries
Collateral circulation
What does this refer to?
Inability to speak or understand others (combi of Wernicke’s and Broca’s …) > MCA
Mixed/global aphasia
What does this refer to?
Patients are unable to communicate verbally or process written language > infarct of the ACA > communication between Broca and Wernicke is prevented
Transcortical aphasia
What does this refer to?
The concept of movements and motor/sensory abilities are intact, but inability to make meaningful movements, e.g. using a fork and knife during dinner (MCA)
(Ideomotor) apraxia
What does this refer to?
Inability to comprehend written words
Alexia
What does this refer to?
Inability to write
Agraphia
What does this refer to?
Inability to perfrom arithmetic operations
Acalculia
What does this refer to?
Inability to recognize/understand visual stimuli (PCA)
Agnosia
What does this refer to?
Inability to express or understand the emotive content of spoken language
Aprosodia
What does this refer to?
Incapable of naming/recognizing fingers of your own hand (parietal lobe)
Finger agnosia
What does this refer to?
Lacking awareness of your condition
Anosognosia
