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Biology Unit 1 > 2B Organelles > Flashcards

2B Organelles Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an organelle?

A

A cellular structure that performs specific functions

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2
Q

What is cytoplasm?

A

The cytosol and organelles inside the plasma membrane, excluding the nucleus

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3
Q

What are Rough endoplasmic reticulums?

A

A membranous chain of connected and flattened sacs that are coated with ribosomes.

It allows for the RER to synthesise and modify proteins

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4
Q

What is Smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

A

A membranous chain of connected and flattened sacs that are NOT coated with ribosomes.

It is responsible for the production of lipids in a cell

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5
Q

What is Golgi apparatus?

A

Stacked flattened sacs that are the sites of protein sorting, packaging and modification for use in the cell or export..

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6
Q

What is lysosome?

A

A membrane-bound vesicle that contains digestive enzymes.

It is responsible for breaking down call waste and toxins

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7
Q

What is the mitochondrion?

A

An organelle with a highly folded inner membrane surrounded by a second outer membrane.

It is the site of aerobic cellular respiration, a chemical reaction that produces the ATP required to power cellular processes.

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8
Q

What is chloroplast?

A

A double membrane-bound organelle that contains flattened, fluid-filled sacs that are the site of photosynthesis

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9
Q

What is a vacuole?

A

A membrane-bound sac that is used for water and solute storage, it also plays a role in maintaining plant cell structure

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10
Q

What is a cell wall?

A

A sturdy border outside the plasma membrane that provides strength and structure to plant, bacterial and fungal cells

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11
Q

What is a vesicle?

A

A small, membrane-bound sac that transports substances into or out of a call, or stores substances within a cell

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12
Q

What is a cytoskeleton?

A

A large network of protein filaments that start at the nucleus and reach out to the plasma membrane

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13
Q

What is the equation for aerobic cellular respiraton?

A

glucose + oxygen —–> carbon dioxide + water + energy

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14
Q

What is the net equation of photosynthesis?

A

carbon dioxide + water —sunlight/chlorophyll–> glucose + oxygen

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15
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

The process of converting light energy, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen

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16
Q

What are the differences between animal and plant cells?

A
  • A cell wall is present in plant cells but not animal cells
  • chloroplasts are present in plant cells but not animal cells
  • vacuoles are smaller in animal cells
17
Q

Why is there a cell wall in plant cells?

A

Animals have evolved structures like skeletons that provide structural support for the organism

18
Q

Why are chloroplasts not found in animal cells?

A

Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis, which is how plants source glucose for energy

Biology Unit 1 (9 decks)

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