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PRIMARY CARE > 2b: diagnostic imaging > Flashcards

2b: diagnostic imaging Flashcards

1
Q

does an image make a diagnosis

A

NO

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2
Q

what are the 6 different diagnostic imaging types

A
  • Radiography
  • CT
  • Bone scan
  • MRI
    -T1
    - T2
    - W/ contrast
  • Diagnostic ultrasound
  • DEXA
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3
Q

what diagnostic imaging properties allows appreciation of basic bony anatomy

A

radiography

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4
Q

how is the radiation for radiography

A

low

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5
Q

what are the advantages of radiography

A

• Convenient
• Relatively low cost
• Moderate radiation exposure

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6
Q

what is considered more radiopaque and radiolucent

A

metal (whiter)
bone
water/soft tissue
fat
air/gas (black)

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7
Q

what are the 3 most common view for radiography

A

AP view

lateral view

oblique view

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8
Q

whar diagnostic imaging is excellent demonstration of cortical bone anatomy, particularly where complex

A

CT (computed tomography)

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9
Q

is the radiation high or low for CT

A

high

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10
Q

what is especially valuable in c spine following trauma

A

computed tomography (CT)

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11
Q

what are the 3 most common views for a CT

A

sagittal view
axial view
coronal view

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12
Q

what diagnostic imaging has Good sensitivity to
↑ metabolic activity/bone turn over

A

bone scan

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13
Q

what is bone scan commonly used for

A

evaluating widespread bone disease

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14
Q

areas of increased metabolic uptake in bone scans suggest what 3 things

A

• Fx
• Disease process
• Areas of remarkable M

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15
Q

what diagnostic imaging is an Excellent
demonstration of soft tissues & bone marrow

A

MRI

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16
Q

what is the relative radiation dosage for MRI

A

non

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17
Q

what is typically the choice for evaluating deeper structures less well imaged by other methods

A

MRI

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18
Q

what weighted MRI image does water tends to show the brightest (swelling)

A

T2

19
Q

what weighted MRI image does fat tend to show brightest and is best anatomical definition and spatial resolution

A

T1

20
Q

what is the Preferred method for intra-articular
tissue assessment & bone stress injuries

A

MRI

21
Q

what is it called when contrast is added to enhance abaility to identify intra articular lesions for an MRI

A

magnetic resonance arthrogram

22
Q

what are the 2 common views for MRI

A

coronal and axial

23
Q

what diagnostic imaging is Good
demonstration ofvsoft tissues and Allows real-time,
dynamic imaging

A

ultrasound

24
Q

what is used to assses MSL conditions in real time

A

ultrasound

25
Q

what is the economic option that invovled no radiation to pt or practitioner

A

ultrasound

26
Q

what color is hyperechoic

A

white

27
Q

what color is hyperechoic

A

white

28
Q

what color is hypoechoic

A

dark

29
Q

what color is anechoic

A

black

30
Q

what diagnostic imaging is Suited to serial
testing, if same device Useful for diagnosis & monitoring

A

dual x ray absorptiometry (dexa)

31
Q

what is enchanced form of x ray most frequently used to measure bone density

A

Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)

32
Q

if someone has less than -2.5 SDs from the mean what condition will they have

A

osteoporosis

33
Q

if someone has less b/t -1 and -2.5 SDs from the mean for T score values based on images what condtion will they have

A

osteopenia

34
Q

what does Pittsburgh Guidelines for Knee Trauma look for

A

mechanisms of injury if yes then go to age

if yes then is age < 12 or > 50 if yes then knee pic if no then do they have inability to walk four weight bearing steps if yes knee pic if no then non

35
Q

what does Canadian Cervical Spine Rule used for

A

checks immobilization

checks ROM

checks activity rotate neck 45° L and R regardless of pain

36
Q

is Canadian Cervical Spine Rule used post trauma ?

A

yes

37
Q

what is ottawa knee rule looking at

A

to see if you need x-ray or not
looking for knee pain

38
Q

for the ottawa knee rule when is a knee radiography indicated

A

•age >55
• tenderness at head of fibu;ar
•isolated tenderness of patella
• inability to flex to 90°
•inability to wear bear immediately and in the emergency department (4 steps)

39
Q

what is the ottawa ankle rule

A

•bone tenderness at posterior edge or tip of lateral and or medal malleolus
• inability to bear weight both immediately and in emergency department (only 1 step)

40
Q

what is the ottawa foot rules

A

• bone tenderness at base of 5th metatarsal or navicular
• inability to bear weight both immediately and in emergency department (only 1 step)

41
Q

what is the new orleans criteria for CT head rule

A

•headache
•voimiting
• age greater than 60
• intoxication
•deficits in short term memory
•physcial evidence of trauma above the clavicle
•sezuire

42
Q

what is the canadian CT head rule

A

• failure to reach GCS of 15 within 2 hours of injur
• suspected open skull fx
• signs of basal skull fx
• vomit more than once
• age greater then 64
• amnesia before impact of greater than 30 mins
• dangerous MOI

43
Q

what is a dangerous MOI mean

A

pederarian struck by a motor vehicle , ejected from a motor veggie , and fall from a height of greater then 3 feet or 5 stairs

44
Q

for the CT head rule a pateint must have a GCS ( glasgow coma scale) of what? what about initially

A

15
13-15

PRIMARY CARE (9 decks)

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