1B : evidence based practice princples on diagnostic testing Flashcards
___ of data is vital to accurate and efficient clinical decision making
quality
what is the gold standard of test
the test that others test are compared to
what is the difference between true positive and false positive
true positive is if you have the disease and the test says t you have it
false postive is if you don’t have the disease and the test says you have it
what is the difference between false negative and true negative
false negative is if you have the disease but the test says you don’t
true negative is if you don’t have the disease and the test says you don’t
what is defined as Given that the individual has the
condition, probability that test will be (+)
sensitivity
what is defined as Give that the individual does
NOT have the condition, probability that test will be (-)
specificity
what is positive predictive value
given a positive test result , the probability that the person has the condition
what is negative predictive value
given a neg test result , the prob that the person does not have the condition
what are the limitations when using predictive values
sample specific
depends highly on prevalence of condition in study population
condition with a low prevalence will have what for positive and negative
low positive values and higher negative values
what is considered true positive rate
sensitivity
a test with a high sensitivity value that when negative it helps ___ ___ a condition
rule out
what is considered true neg rate
specificity
a test with a high specificity value that when positive helps ___ ___ a condition
rule in
does a diagnostic test rule in or rule out ?
does a good screening rule in or rule out
rule in
rule out
what can be used to quantify shifts in probability given a certain test result
likeihood ratio
what is the implication of a positive likeihood ratio
the probability that someone has thepositive result
what is the implication of a negative likeihood ratio
with a neg test , it is the prob that it will be negative test
do you want the +LR to be low or high? what about -LR
high and low
if the positive LR >10 then what does it mean
large shifts in probability
what kind of shifts does a positive LR of 5-10 give
mod shifts in probability
what kind of shifts in probability will be shown with a positive LR of 2-5
small but sometimes important shifts in probability
what kind of shifts in probability will be shown with a positive LR of 1-2
small and not important
what kind of shifts in probability will be shown with a negative LR of <.10
large shifts
what kind of shifts in probability will be shown with a negative LR of 0.1 - 0.2
moderate shifts
what kind of shifts in probability will be shown with a negative LR of 0.2-0.5
small but sometimes important
what kind of shifts in probability will be shown with a negative LR of 0.5-1
small and not important
what probability is based on clinical info and/or previous research
pre test probability
what provides the most powerful tool for quantifying the important of a particular test
LRs
what is the statistic used to represent the amount of change needed to exceed measurement error of the test
minimal detectable change
if there is a increase reliability of a test what happens to the MDC value in that population
decreases it
MCID should not exceed the ___
MDC
what is the Smallest difference detected that
represents an important improvement from the perspective of individuals w/ the
condition
MCID
what is the diagnostic process bases on probabilities & the revision of probabilities
evidence based practice
what are the 3 psychometric properties of test
reliability
validity
responsiveness
