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2a1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of Geography?

A

The study of the physical features of the Earth’s surface and atmosphere, including how humans affect them and the ways they affect humans.

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2
Q

What are the six essential elements of geography?

A
  • The World in Spatial Terms
  • Places and Regions
  • Physical Systems
  • Human Systems
  • Environment and Society
  • Uses of Geography
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3
Q

What does the World in Spatial Terms refer to?

A

How the world is organized and how this organization affects those who live on Earth.

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4
Q

What is relative location?

A

A location in reference to another place.

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5
Q

What is absolute location?

A

An exact location.

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6
Q

What are latitude and longitude used for?

A

Providing an absolute location.

Latitude is the distance either north or south of the equator. Longitude is the distance east or west of the prime meridian.

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7
Q

What are some characteristics included in Places and Regions?

A
  • Climate
  • Cultural norms
  • Languages spoken
  • Important landmarks
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8
Q

What do Physical Systems include?

A

The study of physical processes that shape Earth’s landscape.

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9
Q

What are some examples of Physical Systems?

A
  • Volcanic eruptions
  • Earthquakes
  • Hurricanes
  • Glaciers

Glaciers play a critical role in shaping landscape through erosion, the removal of rock.

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10
Q

What does Human Systems study?

A

Human interactions with the Earth and how these interactions change the landscape.

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11
Q

What are some aspects of Human Systems?

A
  • Influence on natural resources and food production
  • Spread of disease
  • Economic development through landscape changes
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12
Q

What does Environment and Society analyze?

A

The relationship between human activities and the environment.

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13
Q

What is an example of the relationship between Environment and Society?

A

Burning fossil fuels increases air pollution, causing health problems in humans.

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14
Q

What does the Uses of Geography category include?

A

Applying geographical information to everyday situations and problems.

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15
Q

Why is studying the Uses of Geography important?

A

To make future decisions that impact the Earth based on past geographical information.

For example, preventing negative impacts like deforestation for industrialization.

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16
Q

What are spatial terms in human geography?

A

Relative and absolute location. Relative location is in reference to another place, while absolute location is an exact location.

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17
Q

Who studies geography?

A

Geographers.

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18
Q

What is erosion in the context of geography?

A

The removal of rock by natural phenomena like glaciers.

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19
Q

What is the Mappa Mundi?

A

A 13th-century world map designed by British cartographers that offers insight into how Englishmen in the Middle Ages viewed the world.

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20
Q

What regions does North America consist of?

A
  • Canada
  • United States
  • Mexico
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21
Q

What countries are part of South America?

A
  • Colombia
  • Peru
  • Ecuador
  • Brazil
  • Argentina
  • Chile
  • Uruguay
  • Paraguay
  • Bolivia
  • Suriname
  • Guyana
22
Q

What is the main division between different African regions?

A

The Sahara Desert

23
Q

What is the reason behind Western Europe having mostly subtropical and Mediterranean climates?

A

Lack of broad land masses allows air currents to roam over the Atlantic Ocean, moderating temperatures.

24
Q

What separates Western and Eastern Europe?

A
  • Physical barriers such as the Black Sea
  • Cultural barriers from land divisions during the Cold War
25
Q

What geographical regions are included in Western Asia?

A
  • Middle Eastern countries like Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Iraq with mostly dry climates
26
Q

What are the main climate types found in East Asia?

A
  • Continental and subtropical climates
27
Q

What continents are included in Oceania?

A
  • Polynesia
  • Micronesia
  • Melanesia
  • Australasia
28
Q

What are the challenges with assigning formal regions on a map of the world?

A
  • Missing significant differences between physical territories and human cultures
  • Development of human biases against certain climates, cultures, or human systems
  • Regions do not permit a flexible understanding of both human and physical geography
29
Q

What are the seven continents that make up the seven main worldwide regions?

A
  • North America
  • South America
  • Eurasia
  • Africa
  • Australia
  • Oceania
  • Antarctica
30
Q

What is a continent?

A

A large landmass made up of different countries.

31
Q

What is the difference between a country and a continent?

A

Countries are defined places of origin and territory, while continents are groupings of these ideologies.

32
Q

What was the supercontinent that included all seven continents called?

A

Pangaea.

33
Q

What is the second largest continent in size and population?

A

Africa.

34
Q

What is the largest river in the world located in Africa?

A

The Nile River.

35
Q

Which continent is virtually unpopulated and located at the most Southern point of the globe?

A

Antarctica.

36
Q

Which continent is the largest in the world when measured by people and land area?

A

Asia.

37
Q

Which continent is the smallest when measured by land area?

A

Australia.

38
Q

Which continent is the second smallest and the birthplace of Western civilization?

A

Europe.

39
Q

What continent takes up almost the entire Northwestern Hemisphere of the world?

A

North America

40
Q

What is the lowest place in North America known as?

A

Death Valley

41
Q

What is the largest country in South America?

A

Brazil

42
Q

What are the five oceans of the world?

A
  • Pacific Ocean
  • Indian Ocean
  • Atlantic Ocean
  • Southern Ocean
  • Arctic Ocean
43
Q

What are regions in Geography defined by?

A

Certain and definable traits in common

Regions in Geography are areas that share certain characteristics, whether natural or artificial.

44
Q

What are some examples of natural characteristics that define a region?

A
  • Climate
  • Landscape
  • Wildlife

Natural characteristics can include climate, landscape, and wildlife.

45
Q

What are some examples of artificial characteristics that define a region?

A
  • Shared religion
  • Government
  • Language

Artificial characteristics can include shared religion, government, or language.

46
Q

What are geographical regions?

A

Areas with shared traits

Geographical regions can also be referred to as geographical areas, districts, and locales.

47
Q

What is a physical region in Geography?

A

Includes full landmasses and places with similar natural characteristics

Physical regions are characterized by natural traits like climate, terrain, and wildlife.

48
Q

What is a physical region?

A

A geographic area characterized by natural factors like temperature, climate, weather, terrain, and wildlife.

49
Q

What is a political region?

A

An area divided based on artificial factors like culture, history, government, and laws.

50
Q

What is an economic region?

A

A subset of a political region that focuses on different economic activities within a country.

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