2A: Alkaline earth metal Flashcards
Alkaline earth metals
Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra
Valence of alkaline earth metals
+2
most toxic (never employed in medicine)
Beryllium
lightest of all structurally important metals
magnesium
(+) Fluorescent lamp
Beryllium
component in flares/ fireworks
magnesium
2nd most abundant intracellular cation
magnesium
component in chlorophyll (photosynthesis)
magnesium
magnesium is also a component of ___________ (RMgX; alcohol synthesis)
grignard
Sources of magnesium
- Mg silicates
- Mg carbonates
- Mg sulfates
talc, asbestos (carcinogenic)
Mg silicates
asbestos can induce ________/lung cancer
mesothelioma
magnesite, dolomite - CaMg(CO3)2
Mg carbonate
kieserite MgSO4 . H2O
Mg Sulfate
uses of magnesium
- natural Ca channel blocker
- laxative/cathartic
- depressant
Tx for natural Ca channel blocker
Ca gluconate
2nd most abundant extracellular fluid
calcium
(+) Bones, teeth (98-99%) -> ____________
hydroxy apatite
sources of calcium
- apatite: CaF2 . Ca3(PO4)2
- fluorite: CaF2
- phosphate rock: Ca3(PO4)2
- dolomite: MgCO3 . CaCO3
- gypsum: CaSO4 . 2H2O
- plaster of paris: CaSO4 1/2H2O
uses of calcium
- muscle contractant, blood coagulation factor
- (Prothrombin , thrombin) release of NT (Norepinephrine)
- deficiency: osteoporosis, osteomalacia, rickets, hypocalcmia
CaC03 + heat —> Cao (lime) + 02
calcination
CaO + H20 —> Ca(OH)2 (Slaked lime)
Slaking
Lime water- Sat soln of Ca(OH)2 in water
Slaking
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 —-> CaC03 + H20
Carbonation
