291 Sleep Apnea

Question 1

Required in the diagnosis of OSAHS

Answer 1

1. Nocturnal breathing disturbances (snoring, snorting, gasping, or breathing pauses during sleep
2. Five or more episodes of obstructive apnea or hypopnea per hour of sleep

Question 2

Another way OSAHS can be diagnosed in the absence of symptoms

Answer 2

AHI more than 15 episodes

Question 3

Apnea means a reduction in breathing for how long and results in drop in oxygen saturation

Answer 3

Reduction of breathing for at least 10 second and reduction of oxygen saturation by more than 3%

Question 4

Most common part that may collapse and block the airway in OSAHS

Answer 4

Soft palate

Question 5

When is OSAHs most severe

Answer 5

During REM sleep

Question 6

Major risk factors for OSAHS

Answer 6

Obesity and male sex

Question 7

How does obesity contribute to OSAHS

Answer 7

Obesity leads to
1. narrowing of the upper airway fat on the pharyngeal lumen
2 reduced chest compliance and decrease lung volumes

Question 8

How much weight gain is associated with increase in AHI?

Answer 8

A 10% weight gain is associated with more than 30% increase in AHI

Question 9

What predisposed men to OSAHS?

Answer 9

1. Android pattern obesity where upper airway and abdominal fat desposition
2. Relatively greater pharyngeal length which exacerbates collapsibility

Question 10

True or false. OSAH has a strong genetic basis. Patient with relative with OSAHS has 3x risk of getting affected with OSAHS.

Answer 10

True.